عملکرد مکمل فیتاز بر جایگزینی پودر ماهی با آرد سویا بر شاخص ‏های رشد و برخی پارامترهای خونی و بیوشیمیایی سرم خون ماهی آزاد دریای خزر (Salmo trutta caspius)

نوع مقاله : تغذیه

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات ماهیان سردآبی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تنکابن، ایران

چکیده

جهت تعیین اثر آنزیم فیتاز و ‏جایگزینی پودرماهی با آرد سویا بر روند رشد، و برخیپارامترهای خونی و بیوشیمیایی سرم خون ماهی آزاد دریایخزر با میانگین وزن 13/7±140/6 ‏گرم، هفت جیره با نیتروژن و انرژی یکسان، حاوی سطوح مختلف آرد سویا (40 و 8٠‏ درصد) برای جایگزینی تدریجی با پودرماهی (جیره شاهد بدون آنزیم فیتاز)، هریک با سه سطح آنزیم فیتاز (صفر و 1000 ‏و 2000 ‏واحد بین­ المللی بر کیلوگرم) تهیه و مورد تغذیه ماهیان در شرایط یکسان پرورشی قرار گرفت. در پایان دوره 12‏ هفته ­ای تغذیه با جیره­ های آزمایشی، جایگزینی تدریجی پودر ماهی با  آرد سویا موجب کاهش معنی­ داری در روند رشد و کارایی غذا ماهیان گردید (0/05>P‏).­ در صورتی ­که افزودن آنزیم فیتاز موجب افزایش معنی داری در روند رشد و کارایی غذا شد و بهترین نتیجه در ­استفاده از 2000‏ واحد بین ­المللی بر کیلوگرم غذا، به­ دست آمد. از طرف دیگر شاخص ‏های خونی و سرم ­شناسی ماهیان نیز تحت تاثیر جیره ­های غذایی قرار گرفت. مقادیر آنزیم ­های کبدی با مقادیر متوسط کنجاله سویای جیره غذایی ارتباط مستقیم داشت، به­ طوری ­که بالاترین مقادیر آنزیم ­های آلکالین فسفاتاز، آلانین آمینوترانسفراز و آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز در ماهیان تغذیه شده با جیره بالای درصد آرد سویا مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق پیشنهاد می‏ شود که در جیره ماهی آزاد دریای خزر تا سطح 40‏ درصد پروتئین پودر ماهی با آرد سویا با 2000‏ واحد بین الملل آنزیم فیتاز بر کیلوگرم غذا جایگزین شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of phytase supplementation on the replacement of fish with soy flour on growth indices and some blood and biochemical parameters of serum free salmon (Salmo trutta caspius)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Imanpoor 1
  • Mahmoud Mohseni 2
  • Mostafa Karaminasab 1
1 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Cold Fish Research Center, National Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Training and Promotion Organization, Tonekabon, Iran
چکیده [English]

To determine the effect of phytase enzyme and replacement of fish flour with soy flour on growth process, and some blood and blood biochemical parameters of Caspian Sea fish with an average weight of 140.6 ± 13.7 gr, Seven diets with nitrogen and the same energy, containing different levels of soy flour (40 and 80%) for gradual replacement of fish powder (control diet without phytase enzyme), each with three levels of phytase enzyme (0, 1000 and 2000 International unit per kilogram) was prepared and fed to fish under the same conditions. At the end of the 12-week period of diet with experimental diets, gradual replacement of fish powder with soybean meal significantly reduced the growth and efficiency of fish food (P> 0.05). In addition, the addition of phytase enzyme significantly increased the growth and efficiency of food and the best result was obtained from the use of 2000 international units per kilogram of food. On the other hand, blood indices and serology of fish were also affected by diets. The amounts of liver enzymes with intermediate amounts of soybean meal had a direct relationship with the highest levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in fish fed with high rations.. According to the results of this research, it is suggested that in the Caspian Sea salmon ration to be replaced by 40% of the protein content of fish flour with soy flour with 2000 units of phytase enzyme international unit per kg of food.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Salmo trutta caspius
  • Phytase enzyme
  • Blood indices
  • Food efficiency
  • Growth indices
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