Comparison of efficacy and immunogenicity of three administration routs of Streptococosis/lactococosis vaccine in reinbow trout

Document Type : Disease

Authors

1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahwaz, Iran

3 Jahad Daneshgahi , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this study  efficacy and immunogenicity of Streptococosis/lactococosis vaccine administrated via oral, bath and i.p routs were investigated. 600 fish (14±2.1g) were randomly divided i 4 similar groups in triplicate as follows: group1 was orally vaccinated with 108 cfu/g food for two weeks. Group2: were injected with 0.1ml of 109  cfu/ml bacterins. Group 3 was vaccinated via immersion rout for 2 minutes in 109  cfu/ml. Group 4: none immunized group without vaccination. Fishes were reared for 2 month in similar situation and blood samples were taken from each group at days zero, 20, 40 and 60 of experiment. Immunological parameters including: antibody titer, serum lysozyme, complement, bactericidal activity and hematological parameters were compared among the groups. Fishes were challenged with S.iniae and L.garviae separately in the end of experiment and rate of mortality compared among the groups. Result showed that rate of mortality in challenged fish with S.iniae in injection, oral, immersion and unvaccinated routs were 20±10,  56.3±10, 50±5.67 and 90± 3.67 whereas in challenged fish with L.garviae were 26.67±5.77, 57.7±10, 43.33±5.67 and 90± 4.63 respectively. Immunological parameters were increased significantly just in injection vaccine treatment increased in sampling periods (P<0.05).  it can be concluded that Although injection rout cause the best protection and immunogenicity, oral and immersion routs induce relative protection without notable immunogenicity in rainbow trout and each rout can be used based on farm situation.

Keywords

References

  1. Akhlaghi, M.; Munday, B.L. and Whittington, R.J., 1996. Comparison of passive and active immunization of fish against streptococcosis (enterococcosis). J Fish Dis. Vol. 19, No. 3, pp: 251-258.
  2. Alishahi, M. and Buchmann, K., 2006. Temperature-dependent protection against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis following immunisation of rainbow trout using live theronts. Dis Aquat Organ. Vol. 72: pp: 269-273.
  3. Alishahi, M.; Ranjbar, M.; Ghorbanpour, M.; Peyghan, R. and Mesbah, M., 2010. Effects of dietary on some specific and nonspecific immunity in the common carp (cyprinus carpio). Int J Vet Res. Vol. 4, pp: 189-195.
  4. Altun, S.; Kubilay, A.; Ekici, S.; Didinen, B.I. and Diler, O., 2010. Oral vaccination against lactococcosis in Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using sodium alginate and poly (lactide-co-glycolide) carrier. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg.  Vol. 16, pp: 211-217.
  5. Barnes, A.C.; Young, F.M.; Horne, M.T. and Ellis, A.E., 2003. Streptococcus iniae: serological differences, presence of capsule and resistance to immune serum killing. Dis Aquat Organ. Vol. 53, No. 3, pp: 241-247.
  6. Bercovier, H.; Ghittino, C. and Eldar, A., 1997. Immunization with bacterial antigens: infections with streptococci and related organisms. Dev Biol Stand. Vol. 90, pp: 153-160.
  7. Bromage, E.S.; Thomas, A. and Owens, L., 1999. Streptococcus iniae, a bacterial infection in barramundi Lates calcarifer. Dis Aquat Org. Vol. 36, pp: 177-181.
  8. Brudeseth, B.E.; Wiulsrød, R.; Fredriksen, B.N.; Lindmo, K.; Løkling, K.E.; Bordevik, M.; Steine, N.; Klevan, A. and Gravningen, K., 2013. Status and future perspectives of vaccines for industrialised fin-fish farming. Fish Shellfish Immunol. pp: 1-10.
  9. Costa, A.A.; Leef, M.J.; Bridle, A.R.; Carson, J. and Nowak, B.F., 2011. Effect of vaccination against yersiniosis on the relative percent survival, bactericidal and lysozyme response of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar.  Aquaculture. Vol. 315, pp: 201-206.
  10. Craig, A.; Shoemaker. C.; Benjamin, R.; LaFrentz, R. and Julio, C., 2017. Additive genetic variation in resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to Streptococcus iniae and S. agalactiae capsular type Ib: Is genetic resistance correlated. Aquaculture. Vol. 468, No. 1, pp: 193-198.
  11. Eldar, A. and Ghittino, C., 1999. Lactococcus garvieae and Streptococcus iniae infections in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss: similar, but different diseases. Dis Aquat Organ.  Vol. 36, No. 3, pp: 227-231.
  12. Ellis, A.E., 1999. Immunity to bacteria in fish. Fish Shellfish Immunol. Vol. 9, pp: 291-308.
  13. Esteve-Gassent, M.D.; Fouz, B. and Amaro, C., 2004b. Efficacy of a bivalent vaccine against diseases caused by Vibrio vulnificus after its administration by four different routes. Fish Shellfish Immunol. Vol. 16, pp: 93-105.
  14. Faghani, T.; Azari Takami, Gh.; Kousha, A. and Faghani, S., 2008. Surveying on Alginic Acid and Anti-Streptococcus Vaccine Effects on the Growth Performance, Survival Rate, Hematological Parameters in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchos mykiss).  J. Zool. Vol. 3 No. 2, pp: 54-58.
  15. FAO Yearbook of fisheries and aquaculture statistics 2015. 2017. FAO publication, Rom Italy, www.fao.org/fishery/static/Yearbook/YB2015_CD_Master/index.htm.
  16. Feldman, B.; Zinkl, J. and Jain, N., 2000. Schalm, s Veterinary Hematology. 5th Ed., Lippincott. Williams and Wilkins. A Wolterscompany. Philadeia, Baltimore, Naw York, London, Buenos Aires, Hong Kong, Sydney, Tokyo.
  17. Firdaus-Nawi, M.; Sabri, M.Y.; Hanan, Y.; Siti-Zahrah, A. and Zamri-Saad, M., 2013. Efficacy of feed-based adjuvant vaccine against Streptococcusagalactiae in Oreochromis sp. in Malaysia. Aquacul Res. Vol. 45, pp: 87-96.
  18. Greenway, T.; Byars E. and Elliot, R.B., 2017. Validation of Fermentation and Processing Procedures for the Commercial-Scale Production of a Live, Attenuated Edwardsiella ictaluri Vaccine for Use in Channel Catfish. J Aquat Anim Health. Vol. 29, No. 2, pp: 83-88
  19. Gudding, R.; Lillehaug, A. and Evensen, Y., 2014. Fish Vaccination. Wiley and Sons, Ltd, London, UK.
  20. Hatten, F.; Fredriksen, I.; Hordvik, I. and Endresen, C., 2001. Presence of IgM in cutaneous mucus, but not in gut mucus of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Fish Shellfish Immunol. Vol. 11, pp: 257-268.
  21. Hoshina, T.; Sano, T. and Morimoto, Y., 1958. A Streptococcus pathogenic to fish. J Tokyo Univ Fish. Vol. 44, No. 5.
  22. Huang, H.Y.; Chena, Y.C.; Wanga, P.C.; Tsaia, M.A.; Yeha, S.C.; Liangb, H.J. and Chena, S.C., 2014. Efficacy of a formalin-inactivated vaccine against Streptococcus iniae infection in the farmed grouper Epinephelus coioides by intraperitoneal immunization. Vaccine. pp: 1-7
  23. Klesius, P.H.; Shoemaker, C.A. and Evans, J.J., 2000. Efficacy of single and combined Streptococcus iniae isolate vaccine administered by intraperitoneal and intramuscular routes in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture. Vol. 188, pp: 237-246.
  24. Liaghat, M.; Akhlaghi, M.; Hosseini, A.; Nematollahi, A. and Hosseini, S.M.,2011. Humoral and non-specific immune responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) naturally exposed to and immunized with Streptococcus iniae. IJVSM. Vol. 5, pp: 218-224
  25. Nayak, S.K.; Swain, P.; Nanda, P.K.; Dash, S. and Shukla, S., 2008. Effect of endotoxin on the immunity of Indian major carp. Fish Shellfish Immunol. Vol. 24, pp: 394-399.
  26. Nulty, S.T.; Klesius, P.H. and Shoemaker, C.A., 2003. Hematological Changes in nile tilapia infected with Streptococcus iniae by nare inoculation. J world aquacult soc. Vol. 34, No. 3, pp: 418-422.
  27. Pridgeon, J.W. and Klesius, P.H., 2011. Development and efficacy of a novobiocin-resistant Streptococcus iniae as a novel vaccine in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Vaccine. Vol. 29, No. 35, pp: 5986-5993.
  28. Romalde, J.L.; Luzardo-Alvárez, A.; Ravelo, C.; Toranzo, A.E. and Blanco-Méndez, J., 2004. Oral immunization using alginate microparticles as a useful strategy for booster vaccination against fish lactoccocosis. Aquaculture. Vol. 236, No. 1, pp: 119-129.
  29. Rombout, J.H.W.; Yang, G. and Kiron, V., 2014. Adaptive immune responses at mucosal surfaces of teleost fish. Fish Shellfish Immunol. Vol. 40, No. 2, pp: 634-643.
  30. Sahoo, P.K.; Kumari, J. and Mishra, BK., 2005. Non-specific immune responses in juveniles of Indian major carps. J Appl Ichthyol. Vol. 21, pp: 151-155.
  31. Sakai, M.; Otubo, T.; Atsuta, S. and Kobayashi, M., 1993. Enhancement of resistance to bacterial infection in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, by oral administration of bovine lactoferrin, J Fish Dis. Vol. 16, pp: 239-247.
  32. Shoemaker, C.A.; Klesius, P.H.; Drennan, J.D. and Evans, J.J., 2011. Efficacy of a modified live Flavobacterium columnare vaccine in fish. Fish Shellfish Immunol. Vol. 30, pp: 304-308.
  33. Smith, P.D., 2002. Oral delivery technologies to develop and implement effective life-long protection strategies. Workshop on Fish Vaccination. Wageningen Institute of Animal Science, Wageningen, The Netherlands. pp: 78-80.
  34. Soltani, M.; Mousavi, H.A. and Mirzargar, S., 2009. Status of aquaculture health management in the Islamic Republic of Iran”, 1th international congress on aquatic animal, Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran. pp: 27-28.
  35. Soltani, M.; Jamshidi, S.H. and Sharifpour, I., 2005. Streptococcosis caused by Streptococcus iniae in farmed rainbow trout (O. mykiss) in Iran: biophysical characteristics and pathogenesis. Bulletin of European Association of Fish Pathologists. Vol. 25, pp: 95-107.
  36. Soltani, M.; Alishahi, M.; Mirzargar, S. and Nikbakht, G., 2007. Vaccination of rainbow trout against Streptococcusiniae infection: comparison of different routes of administration and different vaccines. IFSRI. Vol. 7, pp: 129-140.
  37. Soltani, M.; Pirali Kheirabadi, E.; Taheri Mirghaed, A.; Zargar, A.; Mohamadian, S.; Roohollahi, Sh. and Zakian, M., 2015.Study on Streptococcosis and Lactococcosis Outbreaks in Rainbow Trout Farms in Fars and Lorestan Provinces.  Vet Microbiol. Vol. 30, pp: 49-58.
  38. Sun, Y.; Liu, C.S. and Sun, L., 2011. A multivalent killed whole-cell vaccine induces effective protection against Edwardsiella tarda and Vibrio anguillarum. Fish and Shellfish Immunol. Vol. 31, pp: 595-599.
  39. Thrall,M.A.,2004.Veterinary hematology & clinical chemistry. Lippincott Whiliams & Wilkins. NewYork. 402 p.
  40. Vinay, T.N.; Bhat, S.; Gon, T.; Paria, A. and Jung, M.H., 2017. Recent Advances in Application of Nanoparticles in Fish Vaccine Delivery. Rev Fish Sci Aquac. Vol. 1, pp: 29-41.
  41. Yang, Q.; Pan, Y.L.; Wang, K.Y.; Wang, Y.; Yang, H.; Wang, E.L.; Liu, T.; Geng, Y.; Chen, D.F. and Huang, X.L., 2016. OmpN, outer membrane proteins of Edwardsiella ictaluri are potential vaccine candidates for channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Mol Immunol. Vol. 78, pp: 1-8.
  42. Zhu, L.; Yang, Q.; Huang, H. and Wang, K., 2017. Effectivity of oral recombinant DNA vaccine against Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia. Dev Comp Immunol.  Vol. 77, pp: 77-87.
Journal of Animal Environment
Volume 11, Issue 4
January 2020
Pages 187-196

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics