استفاده از پودرآزولای (Azolla filiculoides) تالاب انزلی به عنوان منبع پروتئین گیاهی در تغذیه ماهی زینتی سیچلاید ایرانی (Iranocichla hormuzensis)

نوع مقاله : تغذیه

نویسندگان

1 موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات آرتمیای کشور، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات اصلاح نژاد ماهیان سردابی، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یاسوج، ایران

4 مرکز تحقیقات ماهیان آب شور بافق، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران

5 گروه شیلات، واحد چابهار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چابهار، ایران

چکیده

ماهی سیچلاید ایرانی یکی از گونه‌های منحصر به ­فرد ماهیان زینتی کشور است که هم­ چون سایر آبزیان پرورشی، هزینه غذای آن، بخش قابل توجهی از قیمت تمام شده محصول نهایی تولیدی را دربر می‌گیرد. ازطرف دیگر، تهاجم آزولا به تالاب انزلی، آن را به یک مرداب تبدیل نموده است. با بررسی امکان استفاده ازآزولا در فرمولاسیون غذای ماهی سیچلاید ایرانی می‌توان فرصت بهره ‌برداری بهینه از این گیاه را فراهم آورد. در این آزمایش، گیاه آزولا از تالاب انزلی جمع ‌آوری، شسته و خشک گردید و با درصدهای مختلف (15، 30، 45 و 60) جایگزین منابع پروتئین غذای پایه ماهی سیچلاید ایرانی (پودرماهی، سویا، گلوتن ذرت و پودر اسکوئید و سر‌میگو) گردید  و به ­مدت 8 هفته روزانه چهار بار تا حد سیری به ماهیان با متوسط وزن  بدن 0/3±4/0 گرم داده شد. این غذا با 40 درصد پروتئین از کارخانه  سی‌پی تایلند خریداری شد. جیره‌ها به گونه ‌ای برای این ماهی گوشت­ خوار زینتی تنظیم گردیدند که دارای 41 درصد پروتئین با سطوح نیتروژنه یکسان و سطوح انرژی یکسان (4230 کیلوکالری بر 100 گرم غذای خشک) در تمام تیمارها باشد. نتایج نشان داد که از آزولا می ‌توان به ­عنوان یک مکمل پروتئینی به ­جای منابع پروتئینی غذای ماهی سیچلاید ایرانی بدون اثرات منفی بر عملکرد رشد، با تاثیر آماری بر بازماندگی استفاده نمود. سطح بهینه 45 درصد بیش ­ترین تاثیر مثبت بر افزایش وزن و سطوح  بالاتر جایگزینی باعث تاثیر منفی بر عملکرد رشد و بازماندگی گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Using azolla powder (Azolla filiculoides) adopted from Anzali lagoon as a plant-based protein source in feeding of ornamental fish, Iranocichla hormuzensis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahmoud Hafezieh 1
  • Masoud Seidgar 2
  • Alireza Ghaedi 3
  • Mohammad Mohammadi 4
  • Ali Mahdiabkenar 5
1 Iran Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Tehran, Iran
2 National Artemia Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Urmia,Iran
3 Cold Fish Breeding Research Center, Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Yasuj, Iran
4 Bafq Saltwater Fish Research Center, Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Yazd, Iran
5 Department of Fisheries, Chabahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chabahar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Iranian cichlid fish is one of the unique ornamental fish such as other fishes, feeding cost is determined the final product price. On the other hand, invasion of Azolla to Anzali lagoon changed it to a pond. By using Azolla powder in Iranian cichlid fish feed formulation, it can be an opportunity to optimum utilization of this aquatic plant. In this study, different percentages of this plant powders (15, 30, 45 and 60%) was replaced to basic feed protein resources, fed for 8 weeks, 4 times per day on sanitation to fish with weighing 4.0±0.3 g. Food was purchased from CP Company, Thailand with 40% crude protein, including fish, soya, corn, squid and head of shrimp) with 41% iso-nitrogenous and 4230 kcal per 100 g of dry weight, iso-caloric. Results showed that azolla as a protein supplement replaced with protein sources of Iranian cichlid fish feed formulation without any adverse impacts on growth performance (P>0.05), with statistical impact on survival (P<0.05). Treatment with 45% replacement led to increase in body weight but higher replacement percentage caused negative effect on growth performance and survival rate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ornamental fish
  • Azolla
  • Anzali wetland

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 12، شماره 1
فروردین 1399
صفحه 331-338

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