تاثیر باکتری Lactobacillus rhamnosus بر شاخص های بیوشیمیایی خون و فعالیت آنزیم های هضمی در ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) تغذیه شده با جیره آلوده به آفلاتوکسین B1

نوع مقاله : تغذیه

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گرگان، ایران

2 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

چکیده

در فرایند تولید و نگه ­داری خوراک آبزیان، همواره ممکن است برخی آلودگی ­ها به غذا سرایت کند که آفلاتوکسین B1 یکی از شایع ­ترین و خطرناک ترین این سموم است. هدف از انجام این تحقیق بررسی تاثیر پروبیوتیک Lactobacillus rhamnosus بر بهبود شرایط زیستی ماهیان قزل آلای رنگین­ کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) تغذیه شده با جیره آلوده به آفلاتوکسین B1 بود. در این آزمایش، 120 قطعه ماهی 4±42 گرمی در 12 مخزن فایبرگلاس با 4 جیره غذایی مختلف (جیره پایه، جیره حاوی پروبیوتیک، جیره حاوی سم آفلاتوکسین و جیره ترکیب سم و پروبیوتیک) تغذیه شدند و پس از اتمام دوره 30 روزه آزمایش، میزان گلوکز خون در گروه تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی سم آفلاتوکسین B1، به شکل معنی­ داری از سایر تیمارها بیش ­تر بود (0/05>P). کورتیزول و آنزیم آلکالین فسفاتاز در هردو تیمار جیره پایه و جیره حاوی پروبیوتیک، کم ترین مقدار را نشان دادند. فعالیت آنزیم تریپسین در روده تیمارهای پروبیوتیکی، به شکل معنی ­دار نسبت به سایر تیمارها بیش ­تر بود. درحالی ­که جیره حاوی سم فعالیت آنزیم کیموتریپسین را در روده ماهی کاهش داد و افزودن پروبیوتیک به جیره غذایی باعث افزایش معنی ­دار فعالیت این آنزیم شد. میزان تلفات نیز در تیمار جیره حاوی سم به شکل معنی ­داری از سایر تیمارها بیش ­تر بود اما با افزودن پروبیوتیک به جیره، در تیمار جیره حاوی پروبیوتیک و سم به شکل معنی ­دار کاهش یافت. در پایان نتایج به ­دست آمده از این مطالعه نشان می­ دهد که پروبیوتیک Lactobacillus rhamnosus می­ تواند به­ عنوان یک افزودنی خوراکی برای کاهش اثرات سمی آفلاتوکسین B1 و بهبود میزان بقا در ماهی استفاده شود و پرورش دهندگان قزل ­آلا می­ توانند به ­منظور کاهش اثر سمیت آفلاتوکسین از این پروبیوتیک در جیره خود استفاده نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus on blood biochemical indices and some digestive enzymes activity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed with aflatoxin B1 infected diet

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nazanin Sadeghi 1
  • Rana Bahadori 2
  • Seyed Mehdi Ojagh 3
  • Erfan Salamroodi 2
1 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Department of Fisheries , Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the process of production and maintenance of aquaculture diets, there may always be some contamination of feed that aflatoxin B1 is one of the most common and most prominent of these toxins. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on the improvement of biological conditions of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed with aflatoxin B1 contaminated diets. In this experiment, 120# fish with initial weight of 42 ± 4 gr were harvested in 12 fiberglass tanks and fed with 4 different diets (control diet, probiotic diet, aflatoxin diet, and aflatoxin and probiotic mix diet) and after 30-day period of experiment, blood glucose levels in the group fed with aflatoxin B1 significantly increased (P <0.05). Cortisol and alkaline phosphatase enzyme showed the least amount in control diet treatments and probiotic diet. The activity of trypsin in the probiotic diet treatments was significantly higher than other treatments. While the aflatoxin diet reduced the activity of the chymotrypsin enzyme in the gut, adding Lactobacillus rhamnosus to the diet caused a significant increase in the activity of this enzyme. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the treatment of aflatoxin diet than other treatments, but by adding probiotic to diet, it decreased significantly in the treatment of probiotic and aflatoxin diet. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that probably Lactobacillus rhamnosus probiotic can be used as a diet supplement to reduce the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 and improve survival in fish, and rainbow trout breeders can use this probiotic in their diet to reduce aflatoxin toxicity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Blood serum
  • Glucose
  • Probiotics
  • Total protein
  • Toxin
  • Trypsin

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 12، شماره 2
تیر 1399
صفحه 151-160

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