تأثیر استفاده از افزودنی اسید استیک و عصاره الکلی بره موم بر ترکیب شیمیایی، پایداری هوازی، جمعیت میکروبی و فراسنجه های تولید گاز سیلاژ قصیل جو در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر به ­منظور بررسی تأثیر استفاده از عصاره الکلی بره­ موم و اسیدآلی (اسید استیک) بر ترکیب شیمیایی، خصوصیات تخمیری و فراسنجه های تولیدگاز علوفه سیلو شده قصیل جو در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شده است. علوفه برداشت شده جو در مرحله خمیری توسط چاپر به قطعات حدود 3-2 سانتی ­متر خرد شد. علوفه ­های برداشت شده در سه تکرار برای هر زمان در کیسه­ های نایلونی به وزن 3 کیلوگرم به ­صورت دستی فشرده و برای مدت 1، 3، 7، 21 و 45 روز سیلو شدند. تیمارهای آزمایشی عبارت بودند از: 1) علوفه سیلو شده جو بدون افزودنی (شاهد)، 2) علوفه سیلو شده جو+عصاره الکلی بره ­موم (500 میکرولیتر به ازای هر کیلوگرم علوفه تازه) و 3) علوفه سیلو شده جو اسیداستیک (1 درصد ماده خشک). نتایج نشان داد که بین تیمارهای آزمایشی از نظر ماده خشک و pH اختلاف معنی ­داری وجود داشت (0/05>p ). پایین­ ترین و بالاترین مقدار pH به ­ترتیب در تیمار دارای اسید استیک و تیمار شاهد مشاهده شد (0/05>p ). در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد تیمارهای دارای اسید استیک و عصاره بره­ موم به­ طور معنی ­داری پایداری هوازی را بهبود بخشیدند (به ­ترتیب 40 و 18 ساعت). تیمار دارای اسید استیک در روزهای 3 و 7 پس از سیلو کردن، پایین ­ترین جمعیت قارچ را داشت (0/05>p ). با این ­حال، در روزهای 21 و 45 هیچ جمعیت قارچی در تمامی تیمارها مشاهده نشد. در روزهای 21 و 45ام پس از سیلو کردن، سیلاژ عمل­ آوری شده با اسید استیک بالاترین پتانسیل تولید گاز (به ­ترتیب 337/2 و 347/2 میلی­ لیتر) را داشت، در مقابل استفاده از عصاره الکلی بره ­موم منجر به افزایش معنی ­دار در غلظت اسیدهای چرب کوتاه زنجیر، قابلیت هضم ماده آلی و انرژی قابل متابولیسم شد. به ­طورکلی، نتایج نشان داد که با این ­که افزودن اسید استیک و عصاره الکلی بره موم تاثیر قابل ملاحظه ­ای بر ارزش تغذیه ­ای سیلاژ جو نداشتند، اما به ­طور معنی ­داری پایداری هوازی را بهبود بخشیدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of using organic acid and alcoholic extract of propolis on chemical composition, aerobic stability, microbial population and gas production parameters of barley silage in ruminant nutrition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zohreh Keshavarz Golpar
  • Javad Bayat Kouhsar
  • Farzad Ghanbari
  • Fakhtak Taliie
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Gonbad-e Kavus, Gonbad-e Kavus, Iran
چکیده [English]

 A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of addition alcoholic extract of propolis and organic acid (acetic acid) on chemical composition, fermentation characteristic and gas production parameters of barley silage in a complete randomized design. Whole crop barley was harvested and chopped with a conventional forage harvester under farm condition to length of 2-3 cm. Representative of barley forage samples were packed manually, in triplicate into plastic bags and were stored at ambient temperature and allowed to ensile for 1, 3, 7, 21 and 45 days. The following treatments were applied to the forage samples: 1) barley silage without any additives (control), 2) control + alcoholic extract of propolis (500 µl/kg of fresh forage) and 3) control + acetic acid (1% of DM).Results showed that there were differences among treatments on DM content and pH (p < 0.05). The highest and lowest pH was related to barley silage treated with organic acid and control treatment, respectively. Compared with control treatment, barley silage treated with acetic acid and alcoholic extract of propolis improved (40 and 18 h, respectively) aerobic stability (p < 0.05). The fungi count was lowest in organic acid treatment on days 3 and 7 (p < 0.05). However, the fungi population was not observed on days 21 and 45 after ensiling in all treatments. Organic acid treated barley silage had highest gas production potential and in contrast, using alcoholic extract of propolis increased ME, OMD and SCFA content. Generally, obtained results showed that although organic acid and alcoholic extract of propolis as additives had not considerably effect on nutritive value of barley silage, but they improved aerobic stability (p < 0.05).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Barley Silage
  • Alcoholic Extract of Propolis
  • Gas Production
  • Chemical Composition
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