الگوی رشد و برخی از ویژگی های زیست شناختی ماش ماهی (1785 Linnaeus) Leuciscus aspius در حوضه جنوبی دریای خزر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران

2 گروه پژوهشی هیدروبیولوژی آبزیان، پژوهشکده حوضه آبی خزر، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

الگوی رشد و برخی از ویژگی­ های زیست شناختی ماش ­ماهی (1785 Leuciscus aspius Linnaeus) در حوضه جنوبی دریای خزر بررسی شد. تعداد 96 قطعه ماش از سه استان، گیلان، مازندران و گلستان از پاییز 1397 تا تابستان 1398 صید شد. دامنه سنی ماهیان +1 تا +4 سال بود. بیش ترین درصد سنی مربوط به ماهیان 2 ساله (33/72 %) و کم ترین درصد مربوط به ماهیان 4 ساله (11/62 %) بود. نسبت جنسی نر به ماده 0/68 به 1 بود. دامنه طول کل 54-29، طول چنگالی 49-25 سانتی ­متر و وزن بدن 985-213 گرم بود. میانگین طول کل 5/57±38/91، طول چنگالی 5/23±35/06 سانتی ­متر و وزن بدن 87/27±639/74 گرم بود. کمینه ضریب رشد لحظه ­ای در سنین 1 تا 2 ساله و بیشینه آن در سنین 3 تا 4 سال بود. میانگین شاخص چاقی 0/22±0/87، شاخص هپاتوسوماتیک 0/17±0/41 و شاخص گنادوسوماتیک 0/17±0/56 بود. رابطه طول -وزن در کل جمعیت به صورت W= 0.0204 L2.7361،نر  W= 0.0189 L2.7648 و ماده W= 0.0217 L2.8867 بود. با توجه به مقدار b به دست آمده، جمعیت ماش، الگوی رشد آلومتریک منفی بود. وزن و طول ماش با یک نرخ مشابه رشد نکرده و طول با سرعت بیش تری نسبت به وزن رشد کرده و ماهی به سمت لاغر شدن رفته است. مقدار 1>CF به دست آمده نشان می­ دهد که این ماهی در منطقه مورد مطالعه از تغذیه مناسبی برخوردار نبوده و رشد ضعیفی دارد، که احتمالاً عواملی هم چون آلودگی، تخریب رودخانه­ ها، کاهش منابع غذایی و صید بی­ رویه را می­ توان از علل آن دانست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Growth patterns and some biological characteristics of Leuciscus aspius (Linnaeus, 1758) in the southern parts of the Caspian Sea

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samira Azadi 1
  • Masoud Sattari 1 2
  • Javid Imanpour Namin 1
  • Shima Bakhshalizadeh 2
1 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Someh Sara, Iran
2
چکیده [English]

Growth pattern and some biological characteristics of Leuciscus aspius Linnaeus 1758, in the southern parts of the Caspian Sea were studied. Some 96 fish specimens were caught at Guilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces from October 2018 to September 2019. Fish were at the age classes of 1+ to 4+ years. The highest percentage of fish were at the age class of 2+ (33.72%), while the lowest at 4+ years (11.62%). Male/female age ratio was 0.68-1. Total length varied between 29-54 cm, fork length between 25-49 cm and the body weight was 213- 985 g. The mean total length was 38.91±5.57 cm, fork length 35.06±5.23 cm and mean weight was 639.74±87.27 g. The lowest growth coefficient rate was observed at the ages of 1-2, while the highest at 3-4 years. The mean condition factor (CF) was 0.87±0.22, hepatosomatic index (HSI) was 0.41±0.17 and gonadosomatic index (GSI) was 0.56±0.17. The length- weight relationship of all specimens was W= 0.0204 L2.7361, in males was W= 0.0189 L2.7648 and in females W= 0.0217 L2.8867. According to the obtained b values, the growth pattern of L. aspius was negative allometric meaning that weight and length growth did not follow similar rate. Length growth was faster which resulted in thin fish specimens. Moreover, condition factor below 1 (CF<1) reflects that L. aspius did not have favorable feeding ground in the study area which has led to lower growth. Factors like pollution, destruction of rivers, scarcity of food sources and overfishing could be responsible for these problems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Length- weight
  • Leuciscus aspius
  • Hepatosomatic index (HSI)
  • Gonadosomatic index (GSI)

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 12، شماره 4
دی 1399
صفحه 425-434

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