بررسی تعارض انسان و حیات‌وحش در محیط‌های روستایی و شهری شهرستان رباط‌کریم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 گروه ریاضیات کاربردی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

زمانی که نیازها و رفتارهای حیات‌وحش بر روی انسان یا رفتار انسان بر نیازهای حیات‌وحش تأثیر منفی بگذارد تعارض انسان و حیات‌وحش اتفاق می‌افتد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی تعارض انسان و حیات‌وحش در محیط‌های روستایی و شهری در شهرستان رباط‌کریم است. بدین منظور با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند، 45 نفر از افراد دانشگاهی، بخش بهداشت و درمان، اداره محیط زیست، شهرداری (واحد خدمات شهری، حمل و نقل و مدیریت پسماند)، سازمان‌های مردم نهاد مرتبط با محیط زیست، فعالان بخش کشاورزی - دامداری و سالخوردگان بومی انتخاب و با آن ها مصاحبه به روش ساختار نیافته صورت گرفت. سپس با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوی کیفی استقرایی، یافته‌های حاصل از مصاحبه تفسیر و طبقه‌بندی شدند. بدین صورت که با استفاده از روش کدگذاری باز، اولین معانی استخراج شده از مصاحبه‌‌ها، «مفاهیم»؛ مقوله‌‌بندی مفاهیم، «کدهای فرعی»؛ و مقوله‌‌بندی کدهای فرعی، «کدهای اصلی» استخراج شدند. از نتایج کدگذاری باز، 4 مقوله اصلی به دست آمد. مقوله اصلی 1 به آسیب‌رسانی به باغات و تخریب محصولات کشاورزی، مقوله اصلی 2 به ضرر اقتصادی و ایجاد ترس و وحشت در میان روستاییان، مقوله اصلی 3 به صدمه و ایجاد تلفات شدید دامی و مقوله اصلی 4 به اختلال نظم و امنیت محیط شهری و انتقال عوامل بیماری‌زا اختصاص پیدا کرده است. به‌ طور کلی رسانه‌های عمومی، تشکیل کمیته‌ی محیط زیست در فرمانداری شهرستان، تشکیل سازمان‌های مردم نهاد با هدف برگزاری دوره‌های آموزشی، همکاری سازمان محیط زیست شهرستان با شهرداری در جهت جمع‌آوری سگ‌های ولگرد و عقیم‌سازی آنان، همکاری سازمان‌های مربوطه با شبکه بهداشت و درمان به منظور تزریق واکسن‌های مورد نیاز به سگ‌های ولگرد در راستای کاهش بیماری‌های اپیدمی مشترک میان انسان و حیوان، بیمه باغات (تاسیسات و محصولات)، بیمه دام‌های اهلی (گوسفند و بز) از راه‌کارهای تعدیل تعارض انسان با حیات وحش پیشنهاد شده است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The conflict between human and wildlife in rural and urban in Robat Karim)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Asgari 1
  • Mohsen Javanmiri Poor 1
  • Seyed Reza Mirmoeini 2
  • Vahid Etemad 1
1 Department of Forest Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of Applied Mathematics, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

When the needs and behaviors of wildlife affect humans or the behavior of wildlife negatively affects the needs of wildlife, the conflict between humans and wildlife occurs. The purpose of current study is to investigate the conflict between human and wildlife in rural and urban environments in Robat Karim. For this purpose, it was used purposive sampling method, 45 academics, health department, environment department, municipality (municipal services, transportation and waste management unit), environmental NGOs, agricultural and livestock activists and Indigenous guys were selected and interviewed in an unstructured form. Then, by using inductive qualitative content analysis, the findings of the interview were interpreted and classified. Thus, using the open coding method, the first meanings extracted from the interviews are "concepts"; Categorization of concepts, "subcodes"; and subcategory categorization, "main codes" were extracted. From the open coding results, 4 main categories were obtained. Main category 1 pointed to damage to garden facilities and destruction of agricultural products, main category 2 pointed to inflict economic losses and create fear and panic among the villagers, main category 3 pointed to damage and cause severe livestock casualties and main category 4 pointed to disrupt discipline and The tranquility of the urban environment and the transmission of pathogens have been emphasized. In general, public media, forming an environmental committee in the city governorate, forming NGOs with the aim of holding training courses, cooperation of the city environmental organization with the municipality to collect stray dogs and sterilize them, cooperation of relevant organizations with the health network organization to vaccinate stray dogs to reduce epidemics illnesses, insuring gardens (facilities and products), insuring livestock (sheep and goats) are approaches to mitigate human-wildlife conflict.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Evaluation
  • Qualitative Content Analysis
  • Conflict
  • Wildlife
  • Robat Karim

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 13، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 35-44

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