بررسی چندریختی رنگی و دوریختی جنسی جمعیت هایPelophylax ridibundus Sensulato (Ranidae: Anura) در غرب و جنوب غربی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

قورباغه مردابی ridibundus sensulato  Pelophylax در خانواده  Ranidae قرار دارد. در این مطالعه 56 نمونه از جمعیت های مناطق دیشموک، دهدشت و لیکک در تابستان و بهار 99-98 جمع آوری و مورد مطالعه ریخت شناسی و ریخت سنجی قرار گرفتند. در نمونه های جمع آوری شده هفت ریخت مختلف از این گونه شناسایی گردید. بیش ترین فراوانی متعلق به ریخت یک بود. بر اساس تحلیل های انجام شده، میانگین تمامی 15 صفت ریخت سنجی بررسی شده در نمونه های دیشموک بیش تر از مناطق دیگر ثبت شد. نتایج آزمون t-test نشان داد که دو ریختی جنسی در جمعیت های مورد مطالعه وجود دارد. براساس آزمون آنالیز واریانس تفاوت بین گروه ها در هر دو جنس نر و ماده معنی دار بود و جدایی بین جمعیت نرها در تمامی صفات به جز قطر افقی چشم و در ماده ها نیز در همه صفات مشاهده شد. هم چنین نتایج  تحلیل های آماری نشان داد که دیشموک تا حدودی از دو منطقه دیگر متفاوت بوده که می تواند به شرایط جغرافیایی متفاوت و ارتفاع بالاتر این منطقه مرتبط باشد. هر دو تابع در تحلیل ممیزی معنی دار بودند. در مجموع در نرها 84 درصد و درماده ها 87/1 درصد از نمونه ها به طور صحیح در گروه خود قرار گرفتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of color polymorphism and sexual dimorphism of pelophylax ridibundus sensulato (Ranidae: Anura) populations in the west and southwest of Kohgiluyeh Va Boyer-Ahmad province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Batool poorjafary
  • Fatemeh Fakharzadeh
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Pelophylax ridibundus sensulato belongs to the family Ranidae. 56 specimens from Dishmook, Likak and Dehdasht areas were collected in spring and summer (2019-2020). Seven different morphs of this species were identified. The highest frequency was related to morph one. َAccording to the analysis, the mean values and standard deviations of all morphometric characters of Dishmook' samples are higher  than the other two regions. Respect to t-test, sexual dimorphism was observed. Analysis of variance showed significant differences between the studied groups in both male and female frogs. Separation between male populations in all traits (except horizontal diameter of eye) was observed. Separation between female populations in all characters was also observed. Based on discriminant analysis, both functions were significant. Statistical results showed that frogs of Dishmook are somewhat different from the other two regions that can be related to different geographical conditions and higher altitude. Overall 84% of males and 87.1% of females were placed in their expected groups.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Marsh frog
  • Morph
  • Statistical analysis
  • T test
  • Color variation
  • Species complex
  1. Baloch, M. and Kami, H., 2006. Iran amphibians. Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
  2. Frost, D.R., 2021. Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1 (Date of access). Electronic Database accessible at https://amphibians of the amnh.org/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
  3. Delavar Sheyda Jalaly, H., Hosseini Khalehjir, S.Gh., Jamalzadeh, H. and Kami, H.Gh., 2017.  Biodiversity of Amphibian in Easte of Guilan province. Journal of Animal Environmental. 9(2): 131-140. (In Persian)
  4. Dufresnes, C., Leuenberger, J., Amrhein, V., Bühler, C., Thiébaud, J. and Bohnenstengel, D.S., 2018. Invasion genetics of marsh frogs (Pelophylax ridibundus sensu lato) in Switzerland. Biol J Linn Soc. 123: 402-410.
  5. Mohammadi, Z., Khajeh, A., Ghorbani, F. and Kami, H., 2015. A biosystematic study of new records of the marsh frog pelophylax ridibundus (pajjas,1771) (Amphibia; Ranidae) from the southeast of Iran. Journal of Asia-pacific Biodiversity. 8: 178-182.
  6. Pesarakloo, A., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Rastegar Pouyani, E. and Oraie, H., 2016. The first taxonomic revaluation of the Iranian water frogs of the genus Pelophylax (Anura: Ranidae) using sequences of the mitochondrial genome. Mitochondrial DNA. 28(3): 392-398.
  7. Akin, , Bilgin, C., Beerli, P., Westaway, R., Ohst, T., Litvinchuk, S., Uzzell, T., Bilgin, M., Hotz, H., Guex, G.D. and Ntner, N., 2010. Phylogeographic patterns of genetic diversity in eastern Mediterranean water frogs were determined by geological processes and climate change in the late Cenozoic, J. Biogeogr. 37: 2111-2124.
  8. Nemati, A., 1998. Identification of tailless amphibians of Khorasan province. Master's thesis in animal sciences. Faculty of Science. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. 177 p. (In Persian)
  9. Fakharzadeh, F., 2003. Biosystematic study of tailless amphibians in the north and northeast of Khorasan province. Thesis of master's degree in animal sciences. Faculty of Science. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. 156 p. (In Persian)
  10. Hezaveh N., Ghasemzadeh F. and Darvish J., 2007. Biosystematic study (morphology, karyology and morphometry) of anuran amphibia in Markazy Province. Iranian Journal of Biology. 20(4): 458-467. (In Persian)
  11. Seydi Avandi, F. and Fakharzadeh, F., 2019. Biosystematic study of Bufotes variabilis (Pallas, 1769) populations from East and North east of Khuzestan province based on morphometric and karyotype data. Journal of Experimental Animal Biology. 8(1): 99-109. (In Persian)
  12. Pesarakloo, A., Gharezi, A., Kami, H.GH. and Homauni, M., 2018. study of Color polymorphism in the marsh frog Rana ridibunda in Golestan province. Iranian Journal of Biology. 3(24): 446-455. (In Persian)
  13. Ohmer, M.E., Robertson, J.M. and Zamudio, K.R., 2009. Discordance in body size, colour pattern, and advertisement call across genetically distinct populations in a Neotropical anuran (Dendropsophus ebraccatus). Biol. Linn. Soc. 97: 298-313.
  14. Kuo, C.Y., Lin, Y.T. and Lin, Y.S., 2009. Sexual size and shape dimorphism in an agamid lizard, Japalura swinhonis (Squamata: Lacertilia: Agamidae). Res. 48(3): 351-361.
  15. Dastar, A., Mohammadian, Kh., Zadeh Bagheri, L., Sheikhi, A., Namjoo, K. and Kazemi, M., 2016. Cognition of Kohgilouye and Boyer Ahmad province. 10th grade, second period of high school, 6th edition, Iran Textbook Publishing Company, Tehran.
  16. Najibzadeh, M., Darvish, J., Kami, H.Gh. and Ghasemzadeh, F., 2014. Comparison of habitat, Mating Behavior and laying of three species of Anuran Amphibians (Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda, Hyla savignyi and Bufo (Pseudepidalea) variabilis) in the Lorestan province. Iranian Journal of Biology. 27(2): 291-299. (In Persian)
  17. Stöck, M., Schmid, M., Steinlein, C. and Grosse, W.R., Mosaicism in somatic triploid specimens of theBufo viridis complex in the Karakoram with examination of calls, morphology and taxonomic conclusions. Italian Journal of Zoology (Modena). 66(3): 215-232.
  18. Kang, C., Kim, Y.E. and Jang, Y., 2016. Colour and pattern change against visually heterogeneous backgrounds in the tree frog Hyla japonica. Sci. Rep. 6(3): 1-12.
  19. Bashiri, N., Kami, H.Gh. and Okhli, N., 2015. A preliminary study on the biology of Marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus) in Roudbar city, Guilan province. Journal of Animal Environmental. 7(2): 1-10. (In Persian)
  20. Jazayeri, A. and Saberi, F., 2018. Color polymorphism study on marsh frog populations (Pelophylax ridibundus) in the northern and the southern habitats of Khuzestan province. Journal of Animal Environmental. 10(2): 107-114. (In Persian)
  21. Pesarakloo, A., Gharezi, A., Kami, H.Gh. and Najibzadeh, M., 2012. An investigation on the reproductive biology of Rana macrocnemis pseudodalmatina (Amphibians: Anura) in Golestan province (Minudasht). Iranian Journal of Biology. 25(1): 55-63. (In Persian)
  22. Fakuri, S., Jamalzadeh, H. and Asadian Naranji, S., 2013. Color polymorphism study in the marsh frog Rana ridibunda in the international wetland of Amir Kalaye, Gilan. the first national conference on environment, energy and biological defense. Tehran. https://civilica. com/doc/264501. (In Persian)
  23. Mîndrescu, C.R. and Ghiorghiţă, G., 2013. The variability of some characters within local populations of amphibiansin Dorohoi area, Botoşani county Ann. Ser. Biol. Sci. 1(2): 5-39.
  24. Harley, C.D.G., Pankey, M.S., Wares, J.P., Grosberg, R.K. and Wonham, M.J., 2006. Color polymorphism and genetic structure in the sea star Pisaster ochraceus. Biol. bull. 211(3): 248-262.
  25. Zhelev, Z., Mollov, I. and Tsonev, S., 2020. Body size and color polymorphism in Bufotes viridis complex (Anura: Bufonidae) inhabiting two semi-natural areas in Plovdiv City, Bulgaria JO. North West J Zool. 16(2): 191-196.
  26. Shine, R., 1979. Sexual selection and sexual dimorphism in the Amphibia. Copeia. 297-305.
  27. Liao, W.B., Zeng, Y., Zhou, C.Q. and Jehle, R., 2013. Sexual size dimorphism in anurans fails to obey Rensch’s rule. FRONT ZOOL. 10(1): 1-7.
  28. Fathinia, B., Rastegar-Pouyani, N., Darvishnia, H., Mohamadi, H. and Faizi, H., 2012. Sexual size dimorphism in Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda Pallas, 1771 from a population in Darre-Shahr Township, Ilam Province, western Iran. Amphib Reptile Conserv. 5(1): 92-97.
  29. Saberi, F., 2017. Biosystematic study of Pelophylax ridibundus marsh frog populations under the influence of geographical separation in Khuzestan province. Master's thesis, Faculty of Science. Chamran martyr of Ahwaz University. 288 p. (In Persian)
  30. Seydi, F. and Fakharzadeh, F., 2016. Morphological and morphometric investigation of the swamp frog in the northeast and east of Khuzestan, the third national conference of animal sciences of Shahrekord University. 151-152.
  31. Najibzadeh, M., Pesarakloo, A., Gharzi, A., Rastegar-Pouyani, N. and Rastegar Pouyani, E., 2018. Investigation of the Morphological Variation in Caucasian Brown Frog (Rana macrocnemis, Boulenger, 1885) in Iran. Taxonomy and Biosystematics. 10(34): 19-38. (In Persian)
  32. Monnet, J.M. and Cherry, M.I., 2002. Sexual size dimorphism in anurans. Proc Royal Soc London Series B. 269: 2301-2307.