اکولوژی تولیدمثلی زنبورخوار اروپایی (Merops apiaster) در شهرستان کهگیلویه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

در بهار سال 1398، 20 لانه فعال زنبورخوار اروپایی (Merops apiaster) در یک منطقه جنگلی 500 هکتاری در منطقه چاروسا در شهرستان کهگیلویه بررسی شد و خصوصیات هر لانه و نیز عملکرد تولیدمثلی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. میانگین قطر عمودی و افقی دهانه لانه ها، به ترتیب 88/90±61/10 و 14/97±61/75 میلی ­متر و میانگین عمق عمودی و افقی حفره ­ها، به ترتیب 4/31±30/30 و 22/81±77/65 میلی ­متر می ­باشد. میانگین مساحت لانه ­ها 9/861±30/745 سانتی ­متر مربع و حجم لانه ها 1101/82±3290/61 سانتی­ متر مکعب بود. میانگین شیب لانه ­ها 27/61±63/6 درجه می ­باشد. اغلب پرنده ­ها،­ در هفته سوم اردیبهشت تخم گذاشتند که میانگین تخم ­های گذاشته شده با دامنه 4 تا 7 تخم در هر لانه 0/77±5/9 تخم می ­باشد. میانگین طول دوره انکوباسیون 1/19±17/95 روز با دامنه 16 تا 20 روز بود و مدت زمان ماندن جوجه ­ها در لانه، 0/71±24 روز با دامنه 21 تا 24 روز بود. بیش از 80 درصد از جوجه ها در هفته دوم تیر ماه، لانه ­ها را ترک کرده ­اند. میانگین فلدجینگ (جوجه ­هایی که توانایی ترک لانه را دارند) در لانه ­های موفق، 0/65±6/0 و در کل لانه­ ها 1/45±5/70 جوجه می ­باشد. کل دوره تولیدمثلی 1/15±55/21 روز بود و در نهایت، درصد موفقیت تولیدمثلی لانه ­ها 95% بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Breeding ecology of European bee-eater (Merops apiaster) in Kohgilouyeh city

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Nikzadeh
  • Arya Shafaeipour
  • Behzad Fathinia
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the spring of 2019, breeding performance and nest characteristics of 20 European Bee-eater (Merops apiaster) active nests in a 500-hectare forest area in the Charosa area in Kohgiluyeh city were studied. The average vertical and horizontal diameter of the nest entrance was 61.88±10.90 and 61.75±14.97 mm respectively. The average vertical and horizontal depth of the hole was 30.30±4.31 and 77.65±22.81 mm. The average area of the nests was 30.745±9.861 cm2, and the volume of the nests was 3290.61±1101.82 cm3. The average slope of the nests was 63.6±27.61 degrees. Most of the birds laid their eggs in the second week of May that clutch sizes were between four and seven (mean: 5.9±0.77). The incu­bation period varied from 16 to 20 days (mean: 17.95±1.19 days) and the duration of the nest­ling period varied from 21 to 24 days (mean: 24±0.71 days). More than 80% of the chicks left the nests in the last days of June. The number of fledglings was 6.0±0.65 in successful nests and 5.70±1.45 in all nests. The overall duration of breeding was 55.21±1.15 days, and the per­centage of successful nests (at least one fledged young) was 95%.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nest
  • Breeding
  • Clutch size
  • Nesting success
  • Charosa

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 2
تیر 1401
صفحه 107-112

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