تأثیر نمره بدنی و برخی از فاکتورهای مدیریتی بر بروز برخی از ناهنجاری های متابولیکی گاوهای هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

2 مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش برای ارزیابی نمره وضعیت بدنی در دوره خشکی و زمان گوساله ­زایی بر بروز ناهنجاری­ های متابولیکی گاوهای هلشتاین استان اصفهان انجام شد. تعداد 5138 رکورد از زایش­ های مختلف از سال 1395 استخراج شد. داده ­ها شامل شماره دام، سال زایش، ماه زایش، اسکور زمان زایش، طول دوره خشکی، طول دوره آبستنی، وزن تولد گوساله، جنس گوساله، تعداد گوساله ­های متولد شده در هر زایش، جفت ماندگی، سخت­ زایی، مرده ­زایی و متریت بود. به منظور یکنواختی، داده ­ها در کلاس­ های مختلف طبقه ­بندی شدند. داده ­های به دست آمده با استفاده از نرم افزار SAS با رویه GLIMMIX تجزیه شدند. نتایج نشان داد که میزان تغییر نمره وضعیت بدنی بر بروز ناهنجاری­ های متابولیکی (جفت‌ماندگی، سخت‌زایی، مرده ­زایی و متریت) معنی‌دار نبود (0/05≤P). تأثیر شکم زایش بر جفت ماندگی، سخت ­زایی،  مرده ­زایی و متریت معنی­ دار بود (0/01≥P). تأثیر وزن تولد گوساله بر جفت ماندگی (وزن­ های کم تر از 35 کیلوگرم و بالاتر از 46 کیلوگرم)، سخت ­زایی و مرده ­زایی (گوساله ­های با وزن 46 کیلوگرم) و متریت معنی­ دار بود (0/01≥P). طول دوره خشکی بر بروز جفت­ ماندگی (در طول دوره خشکی کم تر از 45 روز و دوره خشکی 61 تا 100 روز به بالا با دوره 46 تا 60 روز)، سخت­ زایی (افزایش طول دوره خشکی از 60 به 100 روز) و متریت (در طول دوره خشکی کم تر از 45 روز و دوره خشکی 61 تا 100 روز به بالا  با دوره 46 تا 60 روز) اثر معنی­ داری داشت (0/01≥P). اثر طول دوره آبستنی بر جفت ­ماندگی معنی­ دار (0/01≥P) اما بر بروز مرده‌زایی معنی‌دار نبود (0/05≤P). فصل زایش بر بروز جفت‌ماندگی و متریت اثر معنی­ دار داشت (0/01≥P).

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of body score and some management factors on the incidence of some metabolic disorders in Holstein cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Darveshi 1
  • Yahya Mohammadi 1
  • Farshid Fatahnia 1
  • Mehdi Bahrami Yekdangi 2
  • Golnaz Tassoli 3
  • Mohammad Shamsolahi 1
1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2 Research Institute of Animal Sciences, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
3 Department of Animal Science, Chahatmahal Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of body condition score (BCS) during dry period and calving season on the incidence of metabolic disorders in Holstein cows in Isfahan province.  About 5138 birth records were extracted from different births since 1395. Data included animal number, year of calving, month of calving, length of dry period, length of gestation period, calf birth weight, calf sex, number of calves born per calving, retained placenta, dystocia, stillbirth and metritis. Data were classified into different classes, for uniformity and were analyzed by SAS software using GLIMMIX procedure. The results showed that effect of BCS changes on the incidence of metabolic disorders (retained placenta, dystocia, stillbirth and metritis) was not significant (P>0.05). The effect of parity on retained placenta, dystocia, stillbirth and metritis was significant (P<0.01). Calf birth weight had significant effect on retained placenta (birth weight less than 35 kg and more than 46 Kg), dystocia and stillbirth (calves with birth weight 46 kg) and metritis (P<0.01). Effect of dry period on the incidence of retained placenta (dry period: less than 45 days, 61-100 days and 46-60 days) and dystocia (increasing dry period from 61to 100 days) and metritis (dry period: less than 45 days, 61-100 days and 46-60 days) was significant (P<0.01). The effect of gestation length on the incidence of retained placenta was significant (P<0.01) but had no significant effect on the stillbirth (P>0.05). The effect of calving season on the incidence of retained placenta and metritis was significant (P<0.01).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Body condition score
  • Calving
  • Dairy cows
  • Dry period
  • Metabolic disorders

مراجع

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 1
شماره بهار
اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 31-36

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