بررسی ارتباط تجمع زیستی فلزات سنگین (سرب، نیکل و کادمیوم) و سطوح آنزیم های کاتالاز و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز در بافت اویستر صخره‌ای (Saccostrea cucullata) دریای عمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زیست‌شناسی دریا، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی چابهار، چابهار، ایران

چکیده

سیستم دفاع آنتی ‎اکسیدانی بدن به‌عنوان خنثی‌کننده اثر گونه ‎های اکسیژن فعال (ROS) تولیدشده در شرایط نامساعد، عمل می‎کند. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی میزان تجمع زیستی فلزات سنگین در رسوب و بافت نرم صدف اویستر صخره‌ای (Saccostrea cucullata) و اندازه‌گیری سطوح آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و سوپراکسیددیسموتاز به‌عنوان نشانگر زیستی آلاینده فلزات سنگین در سواحل دریای عمان بود. 180 عدد اویستر صخره‌ای و 18 نمونه رسوب از 6 ایستگاه در سواحل دریای عمان جمع‎آوری و به آزمایشگاه منتقل شد. طول کل و وزن نمونه‌ها اندازه‌گیری و بافت نرم صدف جداسازی شد. غلظت فلزات سنگین با استفاده از دستگاه جذب اتمی و سطح آنزیم‌ها باکیت سنجش آنزیمی اندازه‌گیری شد. میانگین غلظت فلزات کادمیوم، نیکل و سرب در بافت نرم اویستر صخره‎ای به ترتیب 4/04±14/9، 1/62±3/9 و 2/01±6/75 و در رسوب به‌ترتیب 0/81±2/63، 2/8±19/8 و 7/77±22/295 میکروگرم بر گرم وزن خشک بود. میانگین سطوح کاتالاز و سوپراکسیددیسموتاز به‌ترتیب 4/88±11/44 و 7/94±22/07 نانومول بر دقیقه بر میلی‎گرم‎ پروتئین ثبت شد. الگوی تجمع فلزات سنگین در بافت نرم و رسوب به‌ترتیب به صورت Cd>Pb>Ni  و Pb>Ni >Cd بود. بررسی ارتباط سطوح آنزیم‌ها و غلظت فلزات نشان داد که افزایش تجمع زیستی فلزات سنگین سبب افزایش سطح آنزیم‌ها می‌شود. به‌طوری که در ایستگاه رمین سطوح آنزیم‌ها بیش ترین میزان را نشان داد. غلظت فلزات سنگین در رسوب بسیار بالاتر از بافت نرم اویستر صخره ای بود. اما، مقایسه غلظت فلزات سنگین در رسوب با کیفیت استانداردهای رسوب نشان داد که میزان فلزات مورد بررسی در رسوبات منطقه مورد مطالعه تهدیدی برای موجودات این منطقه ندارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the relationship between heavy metals (Lead, Nickel, Cadmium) bioaccumulation and levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes in the tissue of rocky oyster (Saccostrea cucullata) of the Oman Sea

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdiye Aliyazdi
  • Parvin Sadeghi
  • Gilan Attaran Fariman
Department of Marine Biology, Marine Science faculty, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran
چکیده [English]

The body's antioxidant defense system acts as a neutralizer of the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced under adverse conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in sediment and soft tissue of Saccostrea cucullata and to measure the levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes as biomarkers of heavy metal pollutants in the Oman Sea coasts. 180 rocky oysters and 18 sediment samples were collected from 6 stations on the shores of the Oman Sea and transferred to the laboratory. The total length and weight of the samples were measured and the soft tissue of the oyster was separated. The concentration of heavy metals was measured using an atomic absorption spectrometer and the level of enzymes was measured by an enzyme assay kit. The mean concentrations of cadmium, nickel and lead in ocky oyster soft tissue were 14.9±4.04, 3.9±1.62 and 6.75±2.01, respectively, and in sediment 2.63±0.81, 19.8± 2.8 and 22.95±7.77 micrograms per gram of dry weight. Mean levels of catalase and superoxide dismutase were recorded 11.44±4.88 and 22.07±7.94 nmol/min/mgprotein, respectively. The pattern of heavy metal accumulation in soft tissue and sediment was Ni<PbSo that Ramin station, enzymes showed the highest levels. The concentration of heavy metals in sediment was higher than the soft tissue of rocky oysters. However, compression of heavy metals concentration in the sediment with the sediment quality standards showed that the amount of metals studied in the sediments of the study area does not threat to organisms in this area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heavy metals
  • Catalase
  • Superoxide dismutase
  • Rocky oyster
  • Oman Sea

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 1
شماره بهار
اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 311-320

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