اثر منبع آلودگی نقطه‌ای (پساب استخر پرورش ماهی) بر جوامع ماکروبنتوزی و اعتبارسنجی سه شاخص‌ زیستی (EPT،BMWP،HFBI) در ارزیابی وضعیت کیفی رودخانه بالیقلو استان اردبیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران

2 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 گروه بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

شاخص‌های زیستی ابزاری کارآمد جهت سنجش وضعیت کیفی آب رودخانه‌ها و دریاچه‌ها هستند. در این مطالعه اثر پساب استخر پرورش ماهی بر کیفیت آب و اعتبارسنجی سه شاخص زیستی رایج EPT ،BMWP و HFBI در رودخانه بالیقلو استان اردبیل بررسی شد. نمونه برداری از جوامع بی‌مهرگان به صورت فصلی از تابستان سال 1397 به مدت یک سال و با کمک دستگاه نمونه بردار سوربر با ابعاد (40*40) سانتی‌متر و در سه تکرار انجام شد. تعداد 10582عدد نمونه از 10 راسته  و 14 خانواده شناسایی شدند. بیش ترین فراوانی مربوط به راسته یک روزه‌ها و سپس دوبالان که به ترتیب از خانواده Baetidae و سپس Chironomidae بودند. جهت بررسی تنوع جوامع بنتوزی از شاخص‌های تنوع شانون- وینر(H)(1/20)، یکنواختی (exp(H)/S)(0/83)، سیمپسون (1-D) (0/66)، غالبیت (D)(0/33) استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از تعیین همبستگی پارامترهای محیطی با پراکنش ماکروبنتوزها و عوامل محیطی با یکدیگر به وسیله آنالیز تطبیقی قوس گیری شده (DCA) در محیط نرم افزار  PAST (ورژن 3/25) نشان داد که پارامترهای محیطی نیترات و فسفات با خانواده Chironomidae و Tipulidae همبستگی مثبت دارند. براساس شاخص زیستی هلسینهوف وضعیت کیفی رودخانه بالیقلو در ایستگاه سوم با آلودگی شدید (HFBI=8/24)، براساس شاخص زیستی EPT کیفیت آب در ایستگاه سوم ضعیف (EPT=9/5) و براساس شاخص زیستی BMWP و برخلاف شاخص‌های دیگر نتایج ضیفی را منعکس کرد و کیفیت آب رودخانه بالیقلو در همه ایستگاه‌ها را در کلاسه کیفی ضعیف قرار گرفت. نتایج اعتبارسنجی سه شاخص به کار گرفته شده نشان داد که شاخص زیستی BMWP برخلاف سایر شاخص‌ها از عملکرد نسبتا ضعیف‌تری در سنجش وضعیت کیفی رودخانه بالیقلو برخوردار است و در ارزیابی‌های‌کیفی رودخانه های کشورمان بهتر است از تلفیق چند شاخص زیستی استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of point source pollution (fish pond effluent) on macro-invertebrates communities and validation of three biotic indexes (EPT, BMWP, HFBI) in assessing the water quality of Baliglu river in Ardabil province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Asadi Sharif 1
  • Parvar Didehberah 2
  • Abolfazl Bayrami 2
  • Shima Rahim pouran 3
1 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Someh Sara, Iran
2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Biotic indexes are an effective tool for measuring the water quality of rivers and lakes. In this study, the effect of fish pond effluent on water quality and validation of three common biotic indexes EPT, BMWP, and HFBI in Baliqlu river of Ardabil province was investigated. A sampling of invertebrates communities was done seasonally from the summer of 2018 for one year with the help of a Sorber sampling device with dimensions of (40 * 40 cm) and in three replications.10582 samples from 10 orders and 14 families were identified. The highest frequency was related to the order of Ephemeroptera and then Diptera, which belonged to the Baetidae and then Chironomidae family, respectively. Shannon-Wiener (H)(1.20) diversity, uniformity (exp(H)/S)(0.83), Simpson (1-D)(0.66), and dominance (D)(0.33) indices were used to study the diversity of macro-invertebrate communities. The results of determining the correlation of environmental parameters with the distribution of macrobenthos and environmental factors with each other by Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) in PAST software (version 3.25) showed that the environmental parameters of nitrate and phosphate were positively correlated with Chironomidae and Tipulidae families. Based on the Helsinhoff(HFBI) biotic index, the water quality of the Baliqlu River in the third station with severe pollution (HFBI = 8.24), based on the EPT, water quality in the third station is poor (EPT = 9.5) and the BMWP biotic index reflects poor results. The water quality of Baliqlu River in all stations was in a poor quality class. The validation results of the three indicators used, showing that the BMWP, unlike other indicators, has a relatively poorer performance in the Baliqlu River and in the quality assessments of our country's rivers, it is better to use a combination of several biological indicators.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fish farming
  • Biotic indexes
  • Pollution
  • Baliglu river
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