برآورد تراکم جمعیت خیار دریایی سیاه (leucospilota (Holothuria در آب های شمالی دریای مکران (استان سیستان و بلوچستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات شیلاتی آب های دور، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، چابهار، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران ، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر در شش ایستگاه سواحل شرقی استان سیستان و بلوچستان با روش شمارش در زیر آب در دو فصل (قبل و بعد مونسون) و اعماق کم تر از 5 متر و اعماق 5 الی 10 متر، دربازه زمانی سال 1398 انجام شد. طی مراحل مختلف نمونه برداری با حضور در منطقه نمونه برداری تعداد 201 خیار دریایی لکو اسپلتا به وسیله غواص صید و مورد زیست سنجی قرار گرفته و داده های طول کل و وزن کل اندازه گیری و ثبت شده است. برای طول کل اندازه گیری شده دامنه طولی بین 43-6سانتی متر و میانگین 6±23 سانتی متر و وزن کل اندازه گیری شده بین 788-22 گرم و میانگین 164±284 گرم بوده است. رابطه طول- وزن کل خیارهای دریایی گونه لکو اسپیلتا W= 18.09 L ^ 1.73 (R2 = 0.72, N = 201) به دست آمد. میزان b رابطه طول و وزن نشان دهنده رشد آلومتریک (ناهمسان) آن ها است. میزان تراکم خیار دریایی بین ایستگاه ها مورد مطالعه، تفاوت معنی دار داشتند (0/05>P).  تراکم جمعیت گونه خیار دریایی سیاه در فصل قبل مونسون و بعد مونسون، دارای تفاوت معنی دار نبود (0/05<P). در این مطالعه دامنه تراکم  برآورد شده جمعیت های خیار دریایی گونه H. leucospilota زیر 10 متر در شرق استان سیستان و بلوچستان 142-120 عدد در هر هکتار تغییر بوده و به نظر می رسد از جمعیت خیار دریایی در منطقه شرق استان بتوان بهره برداری کرد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of Black Sea Cucumber (Holothuria Leucospilota, Brandt, 1835) population density in the Northern Waters of Makran Sea (Sistan and Baluchestan Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Ahmad Reza Hashemi 1
  • Seyed Aminollah Taghavimotlagh 2
  • Teymour Amini Rad 1
  • Mastooreh Doustdar 2
1 Offshore Fisheries Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Chabahar, Iran
2 Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The present study was conducted in six stations in the eastern coasts of Sistan and Baluchestan province by underwater counting method in two seasons (the per monsoon and the Post monsoon) and depths less than 5 meters and depths of 5 to 10 meters, in the period of 2019. During different sampling stages, 201 Holothuria leucospilota (Brandt, 1835) sea cucumbers were caught by a diver in the sampling area, and total length and total weight data were measured and recorded. Range of the total length was between 6-43 cm and the average 23±6 cm and the total weight was between 228-788 g and the average 284±164 g. Length-weight relationship of total H. leucospilota species were W= 18.09 L ^ 1.73 (R2 = 0.72, N = 201) and the value of b Length-weight relationship indicating their allometric growth. The sea cucumbers total density was significantly between different stations (P<0.05). The population density of black sea cucumber species at the per monsoon and the post monsoon seasons were not significant (P>0.05). In this study, the estimated density of H. leucospilota populations below 10 meters in the east of Sistan and Baluchestan province has changed from 142 to 120 per hectare and it seems that the population of sea cucumber in the eastern part of the province can be exploited.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biometric
  • Sea cucumber
  • Allometric growth
  • Holothuria leucospilota
  • Makran Sea
  1. Müller, E.G., Jeanteur, Ph., Kuchino, Y., Macieira-Coelho, A. and Rhoads, R.E., 2005. Marine Molecular Biotechnology. Springer Publisher. 292 p.
  2. Bruska, R., Bruska, G. and Haver, N., 2003. Second edition. Sinauer Associates publisger. 888 p.
  3. Bruska, R., Moore, W. and shuster, S., 2016. Thrid edition. Sinauer associates bublisher. 1128 p.
  4. Conand, C., 2008.  Population status, fisheries and trade of sea cucumbers in Africa and the Indian Ocean. In Toral Granda, V., Lovatelli, A. and Vasconcellos, M., (eds). Sea cucumbers. A global review of fisheries and trade. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper. Rome, FAO. 516: 143-193.
  5. Choo, P.S., 2008.  Population status, fisheries and trade of sea cucumbers in Asia. In Toral-Granda, V., Lovatelli, A. and Vasconcellos, M., (eds). Sea cucumbers. A global review of fisheries and trade. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper. Rome, FAO. 516: 81-118.
  6. Purcell, S.W., Samyn, Y. and Conand, C., 2012. Commercially important sea cucumbers of the world. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 6. Rome, FAO. 150 p.
  7. Aydin, M., 2018. Biometry, Density and the Biomass of the Commercial Sea Cucumber Population of the Aegean Sea. Turkish Journal Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 19(6): 463-474. http://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v19.6.02.
  8. Aydin, M., 2019. Density and Biomass of Commercial Sea Cucumber Species Relative to Depth in the Northern Aegean Sea. Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences. 35: 541-550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-019-00144-4.
  9. Purcell, S.W., Gossuin, H. and Agudo, N.N., 2009, Status and management of the sea cucumber fishery of la Grande Terre, New Programme ZoNéCo. World Fish Center Studies and Reviews No. 1901. The World Fish Center, Penang, Malaysia.
  10. Amini Rad, T., 2017. Assessment of stocks and determining the distribution pattern of dominant species of sea cucumber in the coastal waters of Sistan and Baluchestan province. Offshore fisheries research center, Iranian Fisheries Science and Research Institute. 155 p. (In Persian)
  11. Wilson, S.C., 2000. The Arabian sea and Gulf of Oman. In: Sheppard, C.R.C., (ed). Seas at the Pergamon Press, Amsterdam. 17-33.
  12. Soleimanirad, A., Keshavarz, M., Bahremand, M., Kamrani, E. and Vazirizade A., 2013. The effect of summer monsoon on macrobenthic's community structure in Jask creek (Gulf of Oman). Journal of Aquatic Ecology. 3(1): 50-39. (In Persian)
  13. Foroughian, S., 1997. Identification and determination of distribution of some biological findings of echinoderms on the tidal beaches of Kish Island. Master's Thesis, Azad University, North Tehran Branch. 156 p. (In Persian)
  14. Tehranifard, A., 2004. Biosystematic study and sexual reproduction of sea cucumbers in Hormozgan province (Kish Island area). Doctoral thesis, Tehran Azad University, Faculty of Science and Research. 92 p. (In Persian)
  15. Badri, S., 2006. Study of species diversity and distribution of echinoderms in Naiband, Khark and Kharko coral areas. Master's thesis, Khorramshahr University of Marine Sciences and Technology. 80 p. (In Persian)
  16. Tehranifard, A., Oryan, Sh., Vosoghi, Gh., Fatemi, M. and Nikoeian, A., 2007. Exual reproduction cycle of the sea cucumber (Stichopus hermanni) in the coral reefs of Kish Island of Iran. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal. 16(3): 39-54. (In Persian)
  17. Ghobadian, F., 2008. Research on the biology of sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota) production in Bostaneh region of Hormozgan. Master thesis of Khorramshahr Marine Science and Technology University. 184 p. (In Persian)
  18. Rezvani, F., Salarzadeh, A.R. and Mohammadizadeh, F., 2015. Reproductive biology of sea cucumber (Holothuriascabra) in north coast of Qeshm Island, Persian Gulf. Journal of Aquatic Ecology. 5(2): 49-56. (In Persian)
  19. Shokuri, A., Nabovi, S.M., Kochnin, P., Sawari, A. and Safahiyeh, A., 2013. The effect of environmental factors on the distribution of sea cucumbers in the subtidal area of Chabahar Bay. Journal of marine sciences and techniques. 12(3): 51-62. (In Persian)
  20. Ghobadyan, F., Zolgharnein, H., Salari, M.A., Nabipour, I. and Vazirizadeh, A., Morphological and molecular identification of sea cucumber dominant specie in Ouly marine area (Persian Gulf- Bushehr province) and analyzing of its certain body-wall compositions. Journal of Animal Environmental. 11(3): 363-378. (In Persian)
  21. Dadgar, Sh., Hafezieh, M. and Sharifian, M., 2020. The survey in the relationship between feed and proximate composition of Stichopus herrmanni in Hormozgan coastal waters- Qeshm island. Journal of Animal Environmental. 12(1): 375-384. (In Persian)
  22. Al-Rashdi, K.M., Claereboudt, M. and Al-Busaidi, S.S., 2007. Density and Size Distribution of the Sea Cucumber, Holothuria scabra (Jaeger, 1935), at Six Exploited Sites in Mahout Bay, Sultanate of Oman. Agricultural and Marine Sciences. 12: 43-45.
  23. Uthicke, S., Welch, D. and Benzie, J.A.H., 2004. Slow Growth and lack of recovery in overfished Holothurians on the Great Barrier Reef: evidence from DNA fingerprints and repeated large-scale surveys. Conserv. Biol, 18: 1395-1404.
  24. Skewes, T., Kinch, J., Polon, P., Dennis, D., Seeto, P., Taranto, T., Lokani, P., Wassenberg, T., Koutsoukos, A. and Sarke, J., 2002. Research for sustainable use of beche-de-mer resources in Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. CSIRO Division of Marine Research Final Report.
  25. Toral-Granda, V., Lovatelli, A. and Vasconcellos, M., Sea cucumbers. A global review of fsheries and trade. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper. Rome, FAO. 516: 317.
  26. Dereli, H., Culha, M., Culha, B., Ozalp, H. and Tekina, Y., 2016. Reproduction and population structure of the sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa in the Dardanelles Strait, Turkey. Mediterranean Marine Science. 17(1): 47-55. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.
  27. Hickman, C.J., 1998. A field guide to sea stars and other echinoderms of Galápagos. Sugar Spring Press, Lexington, VA, USA. 83
  28. Kerr, A.M. and Kim, J., 2001. Phylogeny of Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) inferred from morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 133: 63-81.
  29. Zar, J.H., 1996. Biostatistical analysis. 3rd Prentice-Hall Inc., New Jersey, USA. 662 p.
  30. King, M., 2013. Fisheries biology, assessment and management. John Wiley and Sons. 400 p.
  31. Newman, R.M. and Martin, F.B., 1983. Estimation of fish production rates and associated variances. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 40: 1729-1736.
  32. Arasaki, E., Muniz, P. and Pires, A.M., 2004. A functional analysis of benthic macrofauna of the Sao Sebastiao Channel (Southern Brazil). Marine Ecology. 25(4): 249-263.
  33. Uthicke, S., Schaffelke, B. and Byrne, M., 2009. A boombust phylum? Ecological and evolutionary consequences of density variations in echinoderms. Ecological Monographs. 79: 3-24.
  34. Herrero-Perezrul, M.D., Reyes-Bonilla, H., Garcı ´a-Dominguez, F. and Cintra-Buenrostro, C.E., 1999. Reproduction and growth of Isostichopus fuscus (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) in the southern Gulf of California, Me ´xico. Mar. Biol. 135: 521-532.
  35. Chávez, E., De Lourdes salgado-rogel, M. and PalleIro-nayar, J., 2011. Stock assessment of the watery sea cucumber fishery (ParastichoPus parvimensis) of NW Baja California. CalCOFI Rep. 52: 136-147.
  36. Haimovici, M. and Velasco, G., 2000. Length Weight relationship of marine from southern Brazil. NAGA. 23(1): 14-16.
  37. Diaz, L.S., Roa, A., Garcia, C.B., Acero, A. and Navas, G., 2000. Length-weight relationship of demersal fishes from the upper continental slope off Columbia. NAGA. 23(3): 23-25.
  38. Martine, W.R., 1949. The Mechanics of environmental control of body form in fishes. Univ. Toronto stud. BioI. 58: 1-91.
  39. Ricker, W.E., 1973. Linear regressions in fishery research. J of Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 30: 409-434.
  40. Ellis, J.R. and Rogers, S.I., 2000. The distribution, relative abundance and diversity of echinoderms in the eastern English Channel, Bristol Channel, and Irish Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 80: 127-138.
  41. Kazanidis, G., Antoniadou, C., Lolas A.P., Neofitou, N., Vafidis, D., Chintiroglou, C. and Neofitou, C., 2010. Population dynamics and reproduction of Holothuria tubulosa (Holothuroidea: Echinodermata) in the Aegean Sea. J Mar Biol Assoc UK. 90(05): 895-901.
  42. Bulteel,, Jangoux, M. and Coulon, P., 1992. Biometry, bathymetric distribution, and reproductive cycle of the holothuroid Holothuria tubulosa (Echinodermata) in Mediterranean seagrass beds. Mar Ecol 13: 53-62.
  43. Fazeli, N. and Zare, R., 2011. Effect of seasonal monsoons on calanoid copepod in Chabahar bay, Gulf of Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences. 4(1): 55-62.
  44. Conand, C., 1989. Les holothuries aspidochirotes du lagon de Nouvelle Calédonie: biologie, écologie et exploitation. Paris: ORSTOM. 393 p.
  45. James, D.B., 2001. Twenty sea cucumbers from seas around India, Naga. The ICULAPM quaterly. 24: 4-9.
  46. Mercier, A., Battaglene, S.C. and Hamel, J.F., 2000. Periodic movement, recruitment and size-related distribution of the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra in Solomon Islands. Hydrobiologia. 440: 81-100.
  47. Lawrence, A.J., Ahmed, M., Hanafy, M., Gabr, H., Ibrahim, A. and Gab-Allah, A.A.F.A., 2004. Status of the sea cucumber fishery in the Red Sea – the Egyptian experience. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 463: 425 p. In: Advances in Sea Sucumber Aquaculture and Management. Lovatelli, A., Conand, C., Purcell, S., Uthicke, S., Hamel, J.F. and Mercier, A., (Editors), 79-90. Geneva: FAO Fisheries Technical Paper.
  48. Džeroski, S. and Drummb, D., 2003. Using regression trees to identify the habitat preference of the sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota) on Rarotonga, Cook Islands. Ecological Modelling. 170: 219-226.
  49. Perry, R.I., Walters, C.J. and Boutillier, J.A., 1999. A framework for providing scientific advice for the management of new and developing invertebrate fisheries. Rev. Fish. Biol. Fish. 9: 125-150.