تاثیر جایگزینی پودر ریزجلبک های اسپیرولینا Spriulina platensis و کلرلا Chlorella vulgaris با پودر ماهی بر عملکرد رشد، ترکیبات لاشه و پروفیل اسیدهای چرب میگوی وانامی Litopenaeus vannamei

نوع مقاله : تغذیه

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

2 گروه شیلات، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران

3 گروه شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

4 پژوهشکده مطالعات دریاچه ارومیه، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه به­ منظور ارزیابی و مقایسه تاثیر جایگزینی پودر ریزجلبک­ های اسپیرولینا Spriulina platensis و کلرلا Chlorella vulgaris با پودر ماهی بر عملکرد رشد، ترکیبات لاشه و پروفیل اسیدهای چرب در میگوی وانامی Litopenaeus vannamei صورت گرفت. میگوها با میانگین وزن 0/2± 2/6گرم در 9 تیمار آزمایشی شامل یک تیمار شاهد (تغذیه با جیره بدون پودر جلبک) و هشت تیمار آزمایشی (تغذیه با جیره حاوی سطوح 25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد از پودر اسپیرولینا یا کلرلای جایگزین شده با آرد ماهی) قرار گرفتند. پس از هشت هفته تغذیه، وزن پایانی و افزایش وزن در تیمار 25 درصد کلرلا بالاترین مقدار را داشت (0/05>P)، اما نرخ رشد ویژه و ضریب تبدیل غذایی در بین تیمارها اختلاف معنی­ داری را نشان نداد (0/05<P). میزان پروتئین در لاشه میگوهای تغذیه شده با 100 درصد اسپیرولینا به­ طور معنی ­داری بالاتر بود (0/05>P)، ولی اختلاف معنی­ داری در میزان رطوبت، چربی و خاکستر لاشه میگوها مشاهده نشد (0/05<P). هم­ چنین مشاهده شد که محتوای اسیدهای­ چرب بلند­زنجیر چند­غیر­اشباع از قبیل  آلفا­لینولنیک ­اسید، دکوزا­هگزا­انوئیک­ اسید، ایکوز­اپنتا­انوئیک­ اسید، لینولئیک­ اسید و آراشیدونیک­ اسید در تیمارهای تغذیه شده با جلبک ­ها عمدتاً بالاتر از گروه شاهد بود (0/05>P). به ­طورکلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان می­ دهد که ریزجلبک­ های اسپیرولینا و کلرلا هر دو می ­توانند در جیره میگوی وانامی بدون داشتن اثرات منفی در عملکرد این میگو مورد استفاده قرار بگیرند اما به ­نظر می ­رسد تیمار 25 درصد کلرلا نتایج موفق ­تری به­ همراه دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of replacement of fish meal by Spriulina platensis and chlorella vulgaris meal on growth performance, proximate composition and fatty acid profile of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Pakravan 1
  • Arash Akbaezadeh 1
  • Mirmasoud Sajjadi 2
  • Abdolmajid Hajimoradloo 3
  • Farzaneh Noori 4
1 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and technology, University of Hormozgan, P.O. Box: 3995, Bandar Abbas, Iran
2 Department of Fishery, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran
3 Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4 Urmia lake Research Institute, University of Urmia, P.O. Box: 165, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of replacement of fish meal by Spriulina platensis and chlorella vulgaris meal in Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei during 8 weeks’ period culture. Shrimp with an average weight of 2.6± 0.2 g were examined in a completely randomized design with 9 treatments included a control group (fed a diet without microalgae) and 8 treatments (fed diets containing 25, 50, 75 and 100% of Spirulina or Chlorella powder). After eight weeks of feeding trial, shrimp fed diet with 25% substitution ofC. vulgaris showed significantly improved final weight and WG compared to other treatments (P<0.05), while SGR and FCR did not show any significant differences between treatments (P>0.05). Shrimp fed diet with 100% S. platensis showed significantly higher amount of protein compared to other treatments (P<0.05). However, wasn’t found any significant differences in the amount of wet, lipid and ash between treatments (P>0.05). It was also observed that the content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid was mostly higher in shrimp fed diet with microalgae than the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, this study indicated that both microalgae especially in 25% chlorella could be incorporated in the diet of juvenile L. vannamei with no adverse effects on the performance of shrimp.   

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Microalgae
  • Shrimp
  • growth performance
  • Fatty acid profiles

مراجع

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 10، شماره 1
فروردین 1397
صفحه 289-296

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