ارزیابی بوم شناختی تأثیر پساب مزارع پرورش میگو بر ساختار جوامع بزرگ بی مهرگان کفزی با استفاده از شاخص زیستی BENTIX (مطالعه موردی: خور تیاب-استان هرمزگان)

نوع مقاله : بوم شناسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زیست شناسی دریا، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، صندوق پستی: 3995

2 گروه شیلات، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران

3 گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، صندوق پستی: 3995

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر پساب­ مزارع پرورش میگوی تیاب (استان هرمزگان) بر فاکتورهای فیزیکوشیمیایی آب، رسوبات و ساختار جوامع بزرگ بی ­مهرگان کفزی در مناطق دریافت پساب به­ مدت یک ­سال (فروردین 1394 تا فروردین 1395) انجام شد. با توجه به وسعت منطقه و عمق آب، 3 پلات (ورودی آب دریا به خور، قبل از کانال ورودی آب دریا به مزارع پرورش میگو و بعد از کانال خروجی مزارع پرورشی میگو) تعیین و نمونه­ ها تهیه شد. در این مطالعه، 24 خانواده بزرگ بی‌­مهره کفزی شناسایی شد که شامل 6 رده متعلق به 3 شاخه می‌باشند. شاخه­ های کرم­ های حلقوی (Annelida)، بندپایان (Arthropoda) و نرم‌ تنان (Mollusca) به ­ترتیب بیش ­ترین تعداد خانواده و گونه­ های بزرگ بی ­مهره کفزی را به­ خود اختصاص دادند. نتایج حاصل از طبقه ­بندی بوم ­شناختی پلات ­های مورد مطالعه با استفاده از شاخص BENTIX در فصول مختلف نشان داد که پلات­ هایی که قبل از مزارع پرورش میگو قرار دارند در طبقات بوم شناختی "فاقد آلودگی" تا "نسبتاً آلوده" و پلات ­هایی که پس از مزارع پرورش میگو و در محل خروجی پساب ها قرار داشتند، در طبقات "اندکی آلوده" تا "به ­شدت آلوده" طبقه ­بندی شدند. مهم ­ترین فاکتورهای تاثیرگذار بر پراکنش بزرگ بی ­مهرگان کفزی در این مطالعه به ­ترتیب شامل شوری، میزان نیترات، اکسیژن مورد نیاز بیوشیمیایی (BOD)، فسفات کل رسوب (TP) و میزان کل مواد آلی رسوبات (TOM) بودند. هم ­چنین در این مطالعه گونه­ های Capitella capitata و Clymene robusta به ­عنوان گونه ­های مقاوم به آلودگی و گونه­ های  Assiminea sp. و Littorina intermedia به ­عنوان گونه ­های حساس به آشفتگی و آلودگی معرفی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Ecological assessment the impacts of shrimp farms effluents on the structure of benthic macroinvertebrates communities using BENTIX biotic index (Case study: Tiyab creek - Hormozgan Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moslem Sharifinia 1
  • Mohammadreza Taherizadeh 1
  • Javid Imanpour Namin 2
  • Ehsan Kamrani 3
1 Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine and Atmospheric Science and Technologies, Hormozgan University, P.O. Box 3995, Bandar Abbas, Iran
2 Fisheries Department, Guilan University, Swome Sara, Iran
3 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science & Technology, Hormozgan University, PO Box: 3995
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Tiyab shrimp farms effluent (Hormozgan Province) on the physicochemical parameters of water, sediment and on the structure of macrobenthic assemblages in areas receiving effluents was conducted during one-year period (from April 2014-April 2015). According to the area of the region and water depth, 3 plots selected (sea water inflow to the creek, before the sea water inlet channel into shrimp farms and after output channel of shrimp farms) and samples were taken. During the study, 24 families of benthic macroinvertebrates were identified in the Tiyab creek, which contains 6 orders belonging to 3 phyla. In total, the highest number of families and species of benthic macroinvertebrates were belonging to Annelida, Arthropoda and Mollusca, respectively. The results of the ecological classification of studied plots based on BENTIX index in different seasons indicated that the plots located before the shrimp farms classified in classes "no pollution" to "moderately polluted" and plots that located after and on-site effluent output from shrimp farms were classified in the categories of "slightly polluted" to "heavily polluted". The most important factors influencing the distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates in this study were: salinity, nitrate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total soil phosphorus (TP) and total organic matter (TOM), respectively. Also in this study Capitella capitata and Clymene robusta species as a species resistant to pollution and species Assiminea sp. And Littorina intermedia were introduced as species sensitive to disturbance and pollution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Benthic macroinvertebrates
  • Biological Indicators
  • Ecological assessment
  • Shrimp farms effluents

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 10، شماره 1
فروردین 1397
صفحه 303-312

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