اثر استفاده از سطوح مختلف اکسیدمنیزیم با خلوص بالا بر ویژگی‌های هضمی-تخمیری و تولید متان یک جیرۀ پرکنسانتره در محیط کشت ثابت

نوع مقاله : تغذیه

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، مجتمع آموزش عالی تربت جام، تربت جام، ایران

2 گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

 از تغییر الگوی تخمیر در شکمبه، می‌توان در جهت متعادل کردن تولید متان استفاده نمود. اکسید منیزیم علاوه بر تأمین بخش اعظمی از منیزیم مورد نیاز دام، از ظرفیت بافری ویژه‌ای نیز برخوردار است و می‌تواند الگوی تخمیر در شکمبه را دستخوش تغییراتی نماید. در این پژوهش اثر استفاده از یک اکسیدمنیزیم تجاری به ­مقدار 1، 2، 3 و 4 درصد یک جیرۀ پرکنسانتره در یک محیط کشت تهیه شده ازمایع شکمبۀ گوسفند درشرایط in vitro بررسی شد. برخی پارامترهای تخمیری، تجزیه پذیری، تولیدمتان وفراسنجه‌هایتولید گاز ناشی از انکوباسیون جیره در محیط کشت اندازه‌گیری شدند. در اثر افزودن اکسیدمنیزیم، pH محیط کشت، افزایش معنی‌داری نسبت به تیمار شاهد نشان داد ولی اسیدهای چرب فرار کل (TVFA) تغییر نکرد. کم ترین مقدار نیتروژن آمونیاکی (23/26 میلی‌گرم/دسی‌لیتر) در سطح 4 درصد اکسیدمنیزیم مشاهده شد. فراسنجه‌های تولید گاز (گاز 12، 24، 48 و 72 ساعت و نرخ ثابت تولید گاز) و تولید متان در تیمارهای دارای اکسیدمنیزیم،کاهش معنی‌داری نسبت به تیمارشاهد نشان داد. اگرچه ضریب تفکیک پذیری(PF)و تودۀ میکروبی تولیدی، تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت، اما راندمان سنتز تودۀ میکروبی در تیمارهای دارای اکسیدمنیزیم افزایش معنی‌داری نشان داد. به‌نظر می‌رسد که کاربرد اکسیدمنیزیم می‌تواند الگوی تخمیر شکمبه را از طریق کاهش نرخ متان، افزایش قابلیت هضم ماده آلی و راندمان سنتز تودۀ میکروبی، بهبود بخشد، هرچند که انجام آزمایشات بیش ­تر درخصوص تعیین اثرات اکسیدمنیزیم بر روی حیوانات زنده نیز در آینده نیاز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different levels of magnesium oxide with high purity on digestion-fermentation characteristics and methane emissions of a high-concentrate diet in the in vitro batch culture

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Kazemi 1
  • Moosa Vatandoost 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Higher Education Complex of Torbat-e Jam, Iran
2 Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Manipulation of ruminal fermentation can be considered as an optimization procedure for methane emissions. Although, magnesium oxide meet a large portion of the magnesium needed for ruminants, it has a proper buffering capacity and can alter the rumen fermentation pattern. In this study, the effect of a commercial magnesium oxide in the levels of 1, 2, 3 and 4% of a high-concentrate diet was investigated in an in vitro batch culture prepared from sheep's ruminal fluid. Some of fermentation and degradability parameters, methane emissions and gas production parameters were measured when the diet incubated to the culture medium. The pH of the culture medium was significantly increased compared to the control, but the total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) did not change when magnesium oxide was added to the culture medium. The lowest amount of ammonia nitrogen (23.26 mg/dL) was observed at 4% of magnesium oxide. The gas production parameters and methane emissions were significantly lower in the treatments containing magnesium oxide when compared to the control group. Although the partitioning factor (PF) and the microbial mass yield were not affected by the treatments, but the efficiency of microbial mass synthesis increased significantly in the treatments containing magnesium oxide. It seems that the use of magnesium oxide can improve the rumen fermentation pattern via enhance the efficiency of microbial mass synthesis; reduce methane yield and increase of organic matter degradability. Also, further studies are needed to determine the effects of magnesium sources according to in vivo conditions in the future.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Magnesium oxide
  • Buffer
  • Culture medium
  • Fermentation
  • Methane emissions

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 11، شماره 3
مهر 1398
صفحه 51-62

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