مقایسه ارزش غذایی جلبک‌ دریایی سارگاسوم آنگوستیفولیوم در سواحل استان بوشهر با جلبک دریایی سیستوسیرا ایندیکا در سواحل استان سیستان و بلوچستان برای تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان

نوع مقاله : تغذیه

نویسندگان

بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشارزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌ منظور مقایسه ارزش غذایی دو جلبک‌ دریایی استان‌ های بوشهر (سارگاسوم آنگوستیفولیوم) و سیستان و بلوچستان (سیستوسیرا ایندیکا) برای تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان انجام شد. جهت تعیین قابلیت هضم، هر کدام از جلبک‌ها به نسبت‌های 10، 15 و 20 درصد با یونجه خشک، مخلوط شده و هر خوراک روی چهار رأس گوسفند نر بالغ بومی، با روش جمع‌ آوری مدفوع آزمایش شدند. تیمارهای شش خوراک آزمایشی شامل: سه خوراک حاوی جلبک سارگاسوم و سه خوراک حاوی جلبک سیستوسیرا در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی بود. نتایج ترکیب شیمیایی شامل ماده خشک، ماده آلی، پروتئین خام، دیواره سلولی، دیواره سلولی منهای همی‌سلولز و انرژی خام به‌ ترتیب برای جلبک سارگاسوم 92/6، 58/6، 4/8، 16/9، 14/6 درصد و 2316/3 کالری بر گرم و برای جلبک سیستوسیرا به‌ترتیب 93/2، 82، 15/2، 38/1، 27/7 درصد و 3267 کالری بر گرم بود. نتایج نشان داد که درصد مواد مغذی ذکر شده در بالا به جز ماده خشک، در سیستوسیرا نسبت به سارگاسوم افزایش معنی‌داری داشت. در بین تیمارهای خوراک سارگاسوم و سیستوسیرا، بهترین ضریب قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی را تیمار 20 درصد خوراک سیستوسیرا داشت که برای ماده خشک، ماده آلی، پروتئین خام، دیواره سلولی، دیواره سلولی منهای همی‌ سلولز و انرژی خام به‌ ترتیب، 58/8، 60/8، 64/5، 49/7، 50/8 و 62/1 درصد به‌ دست آمد. به‌ طورکلی، نتایج نشان داد که سیستوسیرا نسبت به سارگاسوم به­ دلیل داشتن پروتئین خام و انرژی خام بیش ­تر، خاکستر کم ­تر و به تبع آن، ماده آلی بیش ­تر، برای تغذیه دام مناسب‌ تر بوده و مناسب‌ ترین سطح استفاده آن، 20 درصد می‌ باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of nutritional value of seaweed Sargassum ungustifolium in coasts of Bushehr province with seaweed Cystoseira indica in coasts of Sistan and Baluchestan province for ruminants feeding

نویسندگان [English]

  • AbdulMahdi Kabirifard
  • Mahmoud Dashtizadeh
  • AmirArsalan Kamali
  • Hossein Khaj
Animal Science Research Department, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bushehr, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research was carried out to compare the nutritional value of two seaweeds in coasts of Bushehr province (Sargassum ungustifolium) and Sistan and Baluchestan province for ruminants feeding. To determine the digestibility, each seaweed was mixed in 10, 15 and 20 percent ratios with dry alfalfa, and each feed was tested by fecal sampling method on four adult male sheep. Six treatments consisted of three feeds containing Sargassum and three feed containing Cystoseira in a randomized complete block design. The chemical composition of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and gross energy (GE) for Sargassum were 92.6, 58.6, 8.4, 16.9, 16.6 percent and 2316 cal/g, respectively and for Cystoseira were 93.2, 82.2, 15.2, 38.17, 27.7 percent and 3267 cal/g, respectively. The results showed that nutrients percentage of mentioned above, was increased significantly, except for DM of Cystoseira in comparison with Sargassum. Among the treatments of Sargassum and Cystoseira feeds, the best nutrients digestibility coefficient was in 20 percent treatment of Cystoseira feed that for DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF and GE were 58.8, 60.8, 64.5, 49.7, 50.8 and 62.1 percent, respectively. Totally, the results showed that due to higher CP and GE and lower Ash (higher OM) in Cystoseira rather than Sargassum, it is more suitable for ruminant feeding and the most suitable level of Cystoseira is 20 percent.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cystoseira indica
  • Nutritional value
  • Ruminants feeding
  • Sargassum ungustifolium
  • Seaweed

مراجع

  1. فرحپور، م.؛ آبکنار، ع.م. و نوتاش، غ.ر.، 1389. بررسی کشت سه گونه جلبک دریایی Cystoseira indica، Sargassum illicifolium و Hypnea musciformis در سواحل چاه‌ بهار. نشریه تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران. جلد 26، شماره3، صفحات 296 تا 304.
  2. مکدونالد، پ.؛ ادواردز، ر.اِ.؛ گرین‌هال، ج.ف.د. و مورگان، سی.اِ.، 1996. تغذیه دام. ویرایش پنجم. چاپ دوم. ترجمه صوفی‌سیاوش، ر. و جانمحمدی، ح.، 1383. تهران، انتشارات آئیژ، ایران.
  3. ولی‌کمال، ع.‌ر.، 1390. تاثیر سطوح مختلف جلبک دریایی Sargassum illicifolium بر روی عملکرد و فراسنجه‌های خونی و شکمبه‌ای بره‌های پرواری. دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد.
  4. رضوی­ شیرازی،ح.،1373. تکنولوژی فرآورده‌های دریایی (اصول نگه­داری و عمل‌آوری). انتشارات شیلانه. صفحات 31 تا 48.
  5. Association of Official Analysis Chemistry (AOAC). 2001. Official Method of Analysis.17th ed. AOAC, Washington, DC. USA.
  6. Banerjee, G.C., 1988. Feeds and Principles of Animal Nutrition. Oxford & IBH publication, Ltd.
  7. Bocanegra, A.; Nieto, A.; Blas, B. and Sanches Muniz, F.J., 2003. Diets containing a high percentage of Nori or Konbu algae are well-accepted and efficiently utilized by growing rats but induce different degrees of histological changes in the liver and bowel. Food and Chemical Toxicology. Vol. 41, pp: 1473-1480.
  8. Burtin, P., 2003. Nutritional value of seaweeds. Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Vol. 2, pp: 498-503.
  9. Carrillo, S.; Lopez, E.; Casas, M.M.; Avila, E.; Castillo, R. M.; Carranco, M.E.; Calvo, C. and Perez Gil, F., 2008. Potential use of seaweed in the laying hen ration to improve the quality of n-3 fatty acid enriched eggs. J of Applied Phycology. Vol. 20, pp: 721-728.
  10. Casas, M.; Hernandez, H.; Marin, A.; Agulia, R. and Carrillo, S., 2003. Use of sargassum spp algae as supplement for goats and cattle. XIII congress latinoamericano de Nutrition. 9-13 Noviember. Acapulco Guerrero, Mexico.
  11. Casas-Valdez, M.; Hernandez-Contreras, H.; Martin Alvarez, A.; Aguila-Ramirez, R.N.; Hernandez Guerrero, C.J.; Sanchez-Rodriguez, I. and Carrillo Dominguez, S., 2006. The seaweed Sargassum as tropical alternative for goats feeding. Revista de Biologica Tropical. Vol. 54, No. 1, pp: 83-92.
  12. Cook Bessie, B., 1960. The Nutrition value of waste- grown algae. Presented at the 88th Annual meeting of the American Public Health Association. November 3, Inc, San Francisco, California.
  13. Cruz-Suarez, L.E.; Tapia Salazar, M.; Nieto Lopez, M.G. and Ricque, D., 2008. A review of the effects of macroalgae in shrimp feeds and in co-culture. IX Simposio International de Nutricion Acuicola. 24-27 Noviember, Mexico.
  14. Cummings, J.H. and Macfarlane, G.T., 1991. The control and consequences of bacterial fermentation in the human colon. Journal of Applied Bacteriology. Vol. 70, pp: 443-459.
  15. Dawczynski, C.; Schubert, R. and Jahreis, G., 2007. Amino acids, fatty acids, and dietary fiber in edible seaweed products. Food Chemistry. Vol. 103, pp: 891-899.
  16. Denis, C.; Morancais, M.L. M.; Deniaud, E.; Gaudin, P.; Wielgosz-Collin, G.; Barnathan, G.; Jaouen, P. and Fleurence, J., 2010. Study of the chemical composition of edible red macroalga Grateloupia turuturu from Brittany (France). Food Chemistry. Vol. 119, No. 3, pp: 913-917.
  17. Fleurence, J., 1999. Seaweed proteins: biochemical nutritional aspects and potential uses. Trend in Science and Technology. Vol. 10, pp: 25-28.
  18. Goecke, F.; Escobar, M. and Collantes, G., 2012. Chemical composition of Padina fernandeziana from Juan Fernandez Archipelago, Chile. Revista Latinoamericana de Biotecnologia Ambiental Algal. Vol. 3, No. 2, pp: 95-104.
  19. Gojon, H.H.; Siqueiros, D.A. and Hernandez, H., 1998. In situ ruminal digestibility and degradability of Macrocytis pyrifera and Sargassum spp in bovine Livestock. Giencias Marinas. Vol. 24, pp: 463-481.
  20. Hansen, H.R.; Hector, B.L. and Feldmann, J., 2003. A qualitative and quantitative of the seaweed diet of North Ronaldsay sheep. Animal Feed Science and Technology. Vol. 105, pp: 21-28.
  21. Hayami, H. and Shino, K., 1958. Nutritional studies on decolorized Chlorella. Growth experimental on rats and the digestibility of a diet containing 19% of decolorized Chlorella. Annual Report of the National Institute of Nutrition. Toyamacho. Tokyo. pp: 56-58.
  22. Hodgkinson, S.M., 2006. Evaluation of the quality of protein sources for inclusion in diets for monogastric animals. Ciencia e Investigaci on Agraria. Vol. 33, pp: 83-90.
  23. Hong, D.D.; Hein, H.M. and Son, P.N., 2007. Seaweeds from Vietnam used for functional food, medicine and biofertilizer. Journal of Applied Phycology. Vol. 19, pp: 817-826.
  24. Horie, Y.; Sugase, K. and Horie. K., 1995. Physiological differences of soluble and insoluble dietary fibre fractions of brown algae and mushrooms in pepsin activity in vitro and protein digestibility. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 4, pp: 251-255.
  25. Hur, S.J.; Lim, B.O.; Decker, E.A. and McClements, D.J., 2011. In vitro human digestion model for food applications. Food Chemistry. Vol. 125, pp: 1-12.
  26. Jarrige,R.,1989. Ruminant nutrition. Inra. Paris. France.
  27. Karla, J.M.D. and Brooke, S., 2003. Nutritional composition of edible Hawaiium seaweeds. Journal of Applied Phycoloy. Vol. 15, pp: 513-524.
  28. Karthikai, D.G.; Thirvmaran, G.; manivannan, K. and Anantharaman, P., 2009. Element composition of certain seaweeds for gulf Mannar. World Journal of Dairy and Food Sciences. Vol. 4, No. 1, pp: 46-55.
  29. Kumar, V. and kaladharan. P., 2007. Amino acids in the seaweeds as an alternate source of protein for animal feed. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India. Vol. 49, No. 1, pp: 35-40.
  30. Lahaye, M., 1991. Marine algae as sources of fibers: determination of soluble and insoluble dietary fiber contents in some sea vegetables. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. Vol. 54, pp: 587-594.
  31. MacArtain, P.; Christopher, R.G.; Brooks, M.; Campbell, R. and Rowland, I.R., 2007. Nutritional value of edible seaweeds. Nutrition Reviews. Vol. 65, pp: 535-543.
  32. Machu, L.; Misurcova, L.; Samek, D.; Hrabe, J. and Fisera, M., 2014. In vitro digestibility of different commericial edible algae products. Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology. Vol. 23, pp: 423-435.
  33. Marin, A.; Casas Valdez, M.; Carrialo, S.; Hernandez, H.; Monroy, A.; Sangines, L. and Perez Gil, F., 2009. The marine algae Sargassum spp. as feed for sheep in tropical and subtropical regions. International J of tropical biology. Vol. 37, pp: 1274-1281.
  34. Marinho-Soriano, E.; Fonseca, P.C.; Carneiro, M.A. A. and Moreira, W.S.C., 2006. Seasonal variation in the chemical composition of two tropical seaweeds. Bio resource Technology. Vol. 97, pp: 2402-2406.
  35. Martınez, T.F. and Moyano, F.J., 2003. Effect of tannic acid on in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of some protein sources. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. Vol. 83, pp: 456-464.
  36. Misurcova, L.; Kracmar, S.; Klejdus, B. and Vacek, J., 2010. Nitrogen content, dietary fiber and digestibility in algal food products. Czech Journal of Food Sciences. Vol. 28, No. 1, pp: 27-35.
  37. Norziah, M.H. and Ching, C.Y., 2000. Nutritional composition of edible seaweed Gracilaria changgi. Food Chemistry. Vol. 68, pp: 69-76.
  38. Orskov, E.R.; Deb-Hovell, F.D. and Mould, F., 1980. The use of the nylon bag technique for the evaluation of feedstuff. Tropical animal production. Vol. 5, pp: 195-213.
  39. Ortiz, J.; Romero, N.; Robert, P.; Araya, J.; Lopez Hernandez, J.; Bozzo, C.; Navarrete, E.; Osorio, A. and Rios, A., 2006. Dietary fiber, amino acid, fatty acid and tocopherol content of the edible seaweeds Ulva lactuca and Durvillaea antaractica. Food Chemistry. Vol. 99, No. 1, pp: 98-104.
  40. Patarra, R.F.; Paiva, L. and Neto, A.I., 2011. Nutritional value of selected macroalgae. Journal of Applied Phycology. Vol. 23, pp: 205-208.
  41. Pereira, R.; Valente, L.M.P.; Souse-Pinto, I. and Rema, P., 2012. Apparent Nutrient digestibility of seaweeds by rainbow trout and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticuss). Algal Research. Vol. 1, pp: 77-82.
  42. Perez, R.C., 1999. Composicion quimica de Sargassum spp colectado en La Bahia de La paz, B. C. S., Y La factibilidad de suaprovechamiento en forma directa O comofuente de alginate. Tesis de Maestria, La paz, Baja California sur, Mexico.
  43. Prosky, L. and Karinen, J.F., 1960. Nutrition value of algae with the use of weanling rats. Abstracts, 5th International Congress on Nutrition, September 1-7, Washington, D. C, America.
  44. Ruperez, P.; Ahrazem, O. and Leal, J.A., 2002. Potential antioxidant capacity of sulfated poly saccharides from edibic marine brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Vol. 50, pp: 840-845.
  45. SAS. 2003. SAS/STAT User’s Guide, revised 9.1, Statistical analyses system institute Inc. Cary, NC.
  46. Schnider, B.H. and Flatt, W.P., 1975. The evaluation of feeds through digestibility experiments. University of Georgia press Athens.
  47. Se-Kwon, K., 2012. Handbook of Marine macroalgae: Biotechnology and Applied phycology, published by John wiley S sons, Ltd.
  48. Shan, B.E.; Yoshida, Y.; Kuroda, E. and Yamashita, U., 1999. Immunomodulating activity of seaweed extract on human lymphocytes in vitro. International Journal of Immunopharmacol. Vol. 21, pp: 59-70.
  49. Torbatinejad, N. and Sabine, J.R., 2001. Laboratory evaluation of some marine plants on south Australian beaches. Journal of Animal Feed Sciences and Technology. Vol. 3, pp: 91-100.
  50. Urbano, M.G. and Goni, I., 2002. Bioavailability of nutrients in rats fed on edible seaweeds Nori (Porphyra tenera) and Wakame as a source of dietary fiber. Food Chemistry. Vol. 76, No. 3, pp: 281-286.
  51. Wen, X.; Peng, Ch.; Zhou, H.; Lin, G.; Lin, Zh.; Chen, Sh. and Li, P., 2006. Nutritional composition and assessment of Gracilaria lemaneiformis. J of Integrative Plant Biology. Vol. 48, No. 9, pp: 1047-1053.
  52. Wong, K.H. and Cheung, C.K., 2000. Nutritional evaluation of some subtropical red and green seaweeds Part I: proximate composition, amino acid profiles and some physico-chemical properties. Food Chemistry. Vol. 71, pp: 475-482.
  53. Wong, K.H. and Cheung, C.K., 2001. Nutritional evaluation of some subtropical red and green seaweeds part II: In vitro protein digestibility and amino acid profiles of protein concentrates. Food chemistry. Vol. 72, pp: 88-17.
  54. Yang, Ch.; Chung, D. and You, S.G., 2008. Determination of physicochemical properties of sulphated fucans from sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida using light scattering technique. Food Chemistry. Vol. 111, pp: 503-507.
  55. You, S.G.; Yang, Ch.; Lee, H.Y. and Lee, B.Y., 2010. Molecular characteristics of partially hydrolyzed fucoidans from sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida and their in vitro anticancer activity. Food Chemistry. Vol. 119, pp: 554-559.
  56. Zubia, M.; Payri, C.E.; Deslandes, E. and Guezennec, J., 2003. Chemical composition of attached and drift specimens of sargassum mangarevense and Turbinaria ornata (phaeophyta: Fucales) from Tahiti, French Polynesia. Botanica Marina. Vol. 46, pp: 562-571.
فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 11، شماره 3
مهر 1398
صفحه 35-44

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار