Biodiversity of Planktonic Rotifers along a horizontal salinity gradient in the Bahmanshir River estuary (Northern Persian Gulf)

Document Type : Biodiversity

Authors

1 Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine and Ocean Sciences, Khorramshahr Marine Science and Technology University, PO Box: 64199-43175

2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Ocean Sciences, Marine Science and Technology University of Khorramshahr, PO Box: 64199-43175

Abstract

The present study aimed at evaluating the biodiversity of planktonic rotifers in a horizontal salinity gradient in both summer and winter 2014  at the  Bahmanshir river estuary. Planktonic rotifers were sampled using 100 μm mesh size plankton net from six stations with three replications. In this study, 14 species of rotifers belong to 6 genera and 3 families were identified. The species Brachionus rotundiformis and  B. plicatilis were dominant at all stations. Environmental factors such as temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen were also measured. The results of Spearman correlation test showed that the highest negative relationship between electrical conductivity and salinity  with -0.94 and -0.93 correlation coefficient respectively with abundance of rotifers (P<0/05). So along the salinity gradient toward the stuary mouth species structure was changed  and speceies richness decreased. Results indicate that differences in salinity  between stations of the  river  account for differences in the species composition and diversity. The highest abundance of rotifers  was found in summer and in station 1 (1362.1 per cubic meter) and In the winter there were  no rotifers observed in station 6. Maximum amounts of Shannon- Weaner index of diversity in summer and dominance index of Simpson were estimated in summer and winter with amount of 1.52 and 0.4 respectively. The results of this study showed that salinity is the most influential factor on the diversity and density of rotifers in the Bahmanshir river.

Keywords

References

  1. Al-Yamani, F.Y.; Skryabin, V.; Gubanova, A.; Khvorov, S. and Prusova, I., 2011. Marine zooplankton practical guide for the Northwestern Persian Gulf. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat Kuwait. Vol. 2, 197 p.
  2. Castilho, M.S. and Arcifa, M.S., 2000. Production of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis (Ploimida: Brachionidae) in a Brazilian coastal lagoon. Rev. biol. Trop. Vol. 48, No. 4,
    pp: 193-204.
  3. Clarke, E.O.; Aderinola, O.J. and Adeboyejo, O.A., 2013. Dynamics of rotifer populations in a lagoon bordered by heavy industry in Lagos, Nigeria. American Journal of Research Communication. Vol. 1:4, pp: 172-192.
  4. Fielder, D.S.; Purser, G.J. and Battaglene, S.C., 2000. Effect of rapid changes in temperature and salinity on availability of the rotifers Brachionus rotundiformis and Brachionus plicatilis. Aquaculture. Vol. 189:4, pp: 85-99.
  5. Fontaneto, D.; De Smet, W.H. and Ricci, C., 2006. Rotifers in saltwater environments, re-evaluation of an inconspicuous taxon. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Vol. 86: 4, pp: 623-656.
  6. Hamaidi, F.;Hamaidi M.S.;Benouaklil, F. andSaidi,
    F., 2011.     The Rotifera fauna from Algeria, bioresearch bulletin.Vol. 1:4, pp: 232-240.
  7. Hammer, U.T., 1993. Zooplankton distribution and abundance in saline lakes of Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada. International Journal of Salt Lake Research. Vol. 2, No. 2, pp: 111-132.
  8. Godhantaraman, N. and Uye, S., 2003. Geographical and seasonal variations in taxonomic composition, abundance and biomass of microzooplankton across a brackish-water lagoonal system of Japan. Journal of Plankton Research.
    Vol. 25, No. 5, pp: 465-482.
  9. Jorgensen, S.E.; Costanza R. and Xu, F.L., 2005. Handbook of ecological indicators for assessment of ecosystem health. CRP Press. 439 p.
  10. Lubzens, E.; Tandler, A. and Minkoff, G., 1989. Rotifers as food in aquaculture. Hydrobiologia. Vol. 186, No. 1,
    pp: 387-400.
  11. Mola, H.R.A. and Parveen, S., 2014. Effect of monsoon on zooplankton variations and environmental characteristics in a tropical fish pond at Aligarh, India. Egypt. J. Aquat. Biol. & Fish., Egypt. J.Aquat. Biol. and Fish. Vol. 18, No. 3,
    pp: 105-114.
  12. Mola, H.R. and Ahmed, N.A., 2015. Zooplankton Community Structure and Diversity Relative to Environmental Variables in the River Nile from Helwan to El-Qanater El-Khayria, Egypt.
  13. Miracle, M.R. and Serra, M., 1989. Salinity and temperature influence in rotifer life history characteristics. Hydrobiologia. Vol. 186, No. 1, pp: 81-102.
  14. Mudha, N.V.; Jyothibabu, R.; Balachandran, K.K.; Honey, U.K.; Martin, G.D.; Vijay, J.G. and Achuthankutty, C.T., 2007. Monsoonal impact on planktonic standing stock and abundance in a tropical estuary (Cochin backwaters–India). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. Vol. 73, No. 1, pp: 54-64.
  15. Muxagata, E. and Williams, J.A., 2004. The Mesozooplankton of the Solent-Southampton water system: A photographic guide. Bolsista de doutorado do CNP
    Brazil. 107 p.
  16. Nilsaz, M.K.; Dehghan Madiseh, S.; Mazreavy, M.; Esmaily, F. and Sabzalizadeh, S., 2005. Hydrological and hydrobiological study in Persian Gulf (Khuzestan coastal waters). Iran Fisheries Research Organization. 145 p.
  17. Neumann-Leitão, S., 1995. Resenha literária sobre zooplâncton estuarino no Brasil. Trabalhos de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Vol. 23, pp: 25-53.
  18. Nybakken, J.W., 1993. Marine biology: an ecological approach.6th ed. 579 p.
  19. Onwudinjo, C.C. and Egborge, A.B.M., 1994. Rotifers of Benin River, Nigeria. Hydrobiologia. Vol. 272.1, No. 3,
    pp: 87-94.
  20. Paturej, E. and Gutkowska, A., 2015. The effect of salinity levels on the structure of zooplankton communities. Archives of Biological Sciences. Vol. 67, No. 2, pp: 483-492.
  21. Perumal, N.V.; Rajkumar, M.; Perumal, P. and Thillai Rajasekar, K., 2009. Seasonal variations of plankton diversity in the Kaduviyar estuary, Nagapattinam, southeast coast of India. Journal ofEnvironmental Biology. Vol. 30, No. 6, pp: 1035-1046.
  22. Price, A.R., 2002. Simultaneous' Hotspots' and 'Coldspots' of marine biodiversity and implications for global conservation. Marine ecology. Progress series. Vol. 241, pp: 23-27.
  23. Remane, A. and Schlieper, C., 1971. The biology of brackish waters. New York: Wiley Interscience. 372 p.
  24. Saba, F. and Sadhu, D.N., 2015. Zooplankton Diversity Garga Reservoir of Bokaro, Jharkhand, India. International Journal of Bioassays. Vol. 4, No. 4, pp: 3792-3795.
  25. Sabz, A.S.; Khalfeh, N.M. and Moghainami, S., 2010. Study On the Quality of Shadegan Wetlan Water Based On the Physical and Chemical Parameters. pp: 20-36.
  26. Saygi, Y.; Gündüz, E.; Demirkalp, F.Y. and Çağlar, S.S., 2010. Seasonal Patterns of the Zooplankton Community in The Shallow, Brackish Liman Lake in Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey. Turk J Zool. Vol. 35, No. 6, pp: 783-792.
  27. Sharma, B.K. and Michael, R.G., 1980. Synopsis of taxonomic studies on Indian Rotatoria. Hydrobiologia.
    Vol. 73, No. 1-3, pp: 229-236.
  28. Sherbiny, M.M.; Al-Aidaroos, A.M. and Gab-Alla,
    A., 2011.     Seasonal composition and population density of zooplankton in Lake Timsah, Suez Canal, Egypt. Oceanologia. Vol. 53, No. 3, pp: 837-859.
  29. Shiel, R.J., 1995. A guide to identification of Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from Australian inland waters (No. 3). Canberra: Co-operative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology. 113 p.           
  30. Silva, A.M.A.; Barbosa, J.E.; Medeiros, P.R.; ROCHA, R.M.; Lucena Filho, M.A. and Silva, D.F., 2009. Zooplankton (Cladocera and Rotifera) variations along a horizontal salinity gradient and during two seasons (dry and rainy) in a tropical inverse estuary (Northeast Brazil). Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences. Vol. 4, No. 2,
    pp: 226-238.
  31. Soetaert, K.E.R. and Van Rijswijk, P., 1993. Spatial and temporal patterns of the zooplankton in the Westerschelde estuary. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 97 p.
  32. Sridhar, R.; Thangaradjou, T.; Senthil Kumar, S. and Kannan, L., 2006. Water quality and phytoplankton characteristics in the Palk Bay, Southeast coast of India. J. Environ.Biol. Vol. 27, pp: 561-566.
  33. Stemberger, R.S., 1979. A guide to rotifers of the Laurentian Great Lakes. 186 p.
  34. Sulehria, A.Q.K. and Malik, M.A., 2013. Diversity indices of pelagic rotifers in Camp Balloki Water Park, Lahore, Pakistan. Turkish Journal of Zoology. Vol. 37, No. 6,
    pp: 699-705.
  35. Sulehria, A.Q.K.; Qamar, M.F.; Haider, S. and Hussain, M.E.A., 2009. Water Quality and Rotifer Diversity in Thefish Pond at District Mianwali, Pakistan. Biologia. Vol. 55,
    No. 1-2, pp: 79-85.
  36. Telesh, I.V., 2006a. Impact of biological invasions on the diversity and functioning of zooplankton communities in the Baltic estuarine ecosystems (a review). Izvestiya Samarskiy Scientific Center RAS. Vol. 8, pp: 220-232.
  37. ‏Telesh, I.V., 2006b. Species Diversity and Functioning of Zooplankton Communities in Lakes, Rivers and Estuaries. Abstract of the Doctoral Dissertation. St. Petersburg. 45 p.
  38. Tschugnuoff, F., 1921. Uber das plankton des nordlichen teils des kaspises. Raboy volzhskoj boil. Stantsii. Vol. 6,
    pp: 120-121.
  39. Yahia, M.D.; Souissi, S. and Yahia-Kéfi, O.D., 2004. Spatial and temporal structure of planktonic copepods in the Bay of Tunis (southwestern Mediterranean Sea). Zoological Studies. Vol. 43, No. 2, pp: 366-375.
  40. Zakari, H.Y.; Said, M.A. and Radwan, A.A., 2007. Influence of salinity variations on zooplankton community in El-Mex Bay, Alexandria, Egypt. 101 p.

 

Journal of Animal Environment
Volume 9, Issue 3
September 2017
Pages 401-410

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics