The Effects of Trout Farms Effluents on Some the Water Quality Parameters of Khalkai River, Masal, Guilan

Document Type : Ecology

Authors

1 Department of Environment, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran

2 Department of Fisheries, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran

Abstract

Khalkai River is located in northern part of Iran that passes through Masal City and enters Anzali wetland. The effects of trout farm effluents on the water quality parameters and self-purification in the Khalkai River were investigated. In this study, four trout farms and eight stations (inlet and outlet of each farm) were selected. Physiochemical characteristics and nutrients of water, including water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), phosphate, nitrate and nitrite were monitored monthly in five month. The results showed that the average of these parameters from entrance stations were: 10.09±0.62 mg/lit for DO, 6.62±2.16 mg/lit for BOD5, 0.048 ±0.005 mg/lit for PO4, and 0.035 ±0.004 mg/lit for NO2. Also outlet station were calculated between, 9.20±0.73 for DO, 12.81±3.97 mg/lit for BOD5,, 0.075±0.007 mg/lit for PO4, and 0.088±0.009 mg/lit for NO2, respectively. All the parameters showed fluctuations at different stations, and for some of them such as BOD5, COD and phosphate, nitrate and nitrite there was significant difference between before and after farm stations (p<0.05). The parameters showed fluctuations at different stations, and for some of them such as BOD5, COD, TDS, EC, phosphate, and nitrite there was significant difference between different month (p<0.05). These results were due to the effects of trout farms and of the self-purification of river. Meanwhile, all the parameters showed changes in different seasons that were due to fluctuations of environmental conditions and activity rates of the farms.

Keywords

References

  1. APHA. 2005. Standard Methods for Examining of Water and Waste Water. 17th edition, Method 507, Washington
    D.C. 531 p.
  2. Adams, S.M., 2002. Biological indicators of aquatic ecosystem stress. American Fisheries Society. 656 p.
  3. Bergheim, A. and Brinker, A., 2003. Effluent treatment for flow through systems and European Environmental Regulations.Aquacultural Engineering. Vol. 27, pp: 61-77.
  4. Boaventura, R.; Pedro, A.M.; Coimbra, J. and Lencastre, E., 1997. Trout farm effluents Characterization and impact on the receiving: streams; Environmental Pollution. Vol. 95, No. 3, pp: 379-387.
  5. Carney, E., 2009. Relative influence of lake age and watershed land use on tropic state and water quality of artificial lakes in Kansas, Lake Reserve Manage. pp: 199-207.
  6. EPA. 1996. Quality criteria for waters, Office of Water Regulations and Standards Washington DC 20460. 395 p.
  7. Hughes, B.D., 1978. The influence of factors other than pollution on the value of Shannon’s diversity index for benthic macroinvertebrates in streams. Water Research.Vol. 12, pp: 359-364.
  8. Kelly, T.R.; Herida, J. and Mothes, J., 1998. Sampling of the Mackinaw River in central Illinois for physicochemical and bacterial indicators of pollution. Transaction of Illinois State Academy of Science. Vol. 91, pp: 145-154.
  9. Khalik, W.M.A.; Abdullah, M.P.; Amerudin, N.A. and Padli, N., 2013. Physicochemical analysis on water quality status of Bertam river in Cameron Highlands. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science. Vol. 4, No. 4, pp: 488-495.
  10. Loch, D.D.; West, J.L. and Perlmutter, D.G., 1999. The effect of trout farm effluent on taxa richness of benthic macroinvertebrates. Aquaculture. Vol. 147, pp: 37-55.
  11. McNeely, R.N.; Neimanis, V.P. and Dwyer, L., 1979. Water quality sourcebook, A guide to water quality parameter, Ottawa: Inland Waters Directorate, Water Quality Branch. 89 p.
  12. Mobin, M.N.; Islam, M.S.; Mia, M.Y. and Bakali, B., 2014. Analysis of Physicochemical Properties of the Turag river Water, Tongi, Gazipur in Bangladesh. Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources. Vol. 7, No. 1, pp: 27-33.
  13. Noori, R.; Abdoli, M.A.; Ghasrodashti, A. and Ghazizade, M.J., 2009. Prediction of municipal solid waste generation with combination of support vector machine and principal component analysis: A case study of Mashhad. Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy. Vol. 28, No. 2, pp: 249-256.
  14. Selong, J.H. and Helfrich, L.A., 1998. Impact of trout culture effluent on water quality and biotic communities in Virginia Headwater streams. The progressive fish-culturist. Vol. 60, pp: 247-262.
  15. Shrestha, S. and Kazama, F., 2007. Assessment of surface water quality using multivariate statistical techniques: A case study of the Fuji river basin, Japan. Environmental Modelling and Software. Vol. 22, No. 4, pp: 464-475.
  16. Trojanowski, J., 1990. The effect of trout culture on water quality of Lupawa River. Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii PAHYA. Vol. 37, No. 3, pp: 383- 395.
  17. Voelker, D.C. and Renn, D.E., 2000. Benthic invertebrates and quality of streambed sediments in the White River and selected tributaries in and near Indianapolis, Indiana. USGS Science for a Changing World. 55 p.
  18. Zar, J.H., 1999. Biostatistical Analysis. 4th edition. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 929 p.
Journal of Animal Environment
Volume 10, Issue 3
October 2018
Pages 167-174

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics