تأثیر هورمون 17-آلفا متیل تستوسترون بر تغییر جنسیت ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 شرکت آبزی اکسیر کوثر، سازمان اقتصادی کوثر، تهران، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه به منظور تغییر جنسیت ماهیان قزل آلای رنگین کمان ماده به نر با تجویز خوراکی هورمون 17-آلفا متیل تستوسترون انجام شد. برای این منظور تعداد 12000 قطعه لارو ماهی قزل آلا از شروع تغذیه فعال به مدت 60 روز با خوراک حاوی 0 (شاهد)، 0/5، 1، 1/5 و 2 میلی‌گرم هورمون در کیلوگرم خوراک تغذیه شدند. شاخص‌های رشد و بازماندگی در تیمارهای مختلف طی این بازه زمانی ارزیابی شد. علاوه­ بر این تیمارها تا زمانی که غدد جنسی آن‌ها رشد یافته و به مرحله تکثیر برسند، با غذای تجاری فاقد هورمون به مدت 18 ماه تغذیه شدند. تغییر جنسیت ماهیان با نمونه برداری از باله دمی 120 قطعه بچه ماهی (میانگین وزن 2 گرم) توسط پرایمرهای اختصاصی طراحی شده و انجام آزمایش PCR صورت گرفت. نتایج مربوط به فاکتورهای رشد بچه ماهیان نشان داد که اختلاف معنی داری در این شاخص‌ها در بین تیمارها وجود ندارد (0/05<P). ماهیان هورمون ­تراپی شده نسبت به تیمار شاهد (1/1±82/2) درصد بازماندگی کم تری داشتند (0/05>P). با کالبدگشایی مولدین و مشاهده مستقیم اندام‌های جنسی با افزایش غلظت هورمون از غلظت 0/5 به 2 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم نسبت تغییر جنسیت مولدین ماده به نر افزایش یافت (0/05>P). نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که بالاترین نسبت مولدین نر XX (96/0±1/0 درصد) در ماهیان تغذیه شده با غلظت 2 میلی‌گرم هورمون 17-آلفا متیل تستسترون در کیلوگرم خوراک حاصل شد. هم چنین آزمون PCR از اختصاصیت لازم جهت شناسایی تغییر جنسیت بچه ماهیان قزل آلای رنگین کمان به عنوان یک روش غیر تهاجمی برخوردار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of 17-α-methyl testosterone on the sex reversal of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehrnaz Mobini Kashe 1
  • Ammar Salehi Farsani 2
  • Mehdi Shamsaie Mehrgan 1
  • Seyed Pezhman Hosseini-Shekarabi 1
1 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Abzi Exir Kowsar Company, Kowsar Economic Organization, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to reverse female trout to male (XX male) by oral administration of 17-alpha-methyl testosterone. For this purpose, 12,000 larvae of rainbow trout were fed from the beginning of active feeding with diets containing 0 (control), 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg 17-alpha-methyl testosterone per kg of feed for 60 days. The growth performance and survival were evaluated during this period. In addition, the treated fish were fed with hormone-free commercial diet for 18 months until their sex glands had grown. The sex reversal of fish was performed by sampling from 120 numbers of fry (2g mean weight) fin tails, designing specific primers and PCR assay. The results of growth showed that there was no significant difference in growth parameters among treatments (P>0.05). Fish treated with the hormone had lower survival rate (82.1±1.1%) compared to the control group (P<0.05). By necropsy and direct observation of the sexual organs of the breeders, the ratio of female to male sex reversal was increased by increasing the concentration of the hormone from 0.5 to 2 mg/kg in the diets and the best efficiency was obtained in 2 mg/kg of 17-alpha-methyl testosterone (P<0.05). The results of this study showed that the highest ratio of male XX breeders (96.0±1.0%) was observed in the fish fed with alpha methyl testosterone at 2 mg/kg of feed. Also, the PCR test had the specificity to identify the sex reversal of rainbow trout fry as a non-invasive method.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • 17-α-methyl testosterone
  • All-female population
  • XX neomale
  • PCR
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