بررسی تاثیر فصل و اندازه جمعیت بر بروز رفتار بهداشتی و قدرت تهاجمی کلنی‌های زنبور عسل استان لرستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

2 گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

رفتار بهداشتی یک روش مناسب جایگزین در راستای کاهش مصرف سموم شیمیائی در مبارزه با آفات و بیماری‌های زنبور عسل می‌باشد. در این مطالعه تاثیر اندازه جمعیت (5 و 7و 10 قاب)، فصل (بهار و تابستان) و اثر متقابل اندازه جمعیت و فصل بر روی بروز رفتارهای بهداشتی و تهاجمی کلنی‌های زنبورعسل استان لرستان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور از 21 کلنی متعلق به استان لرستان، شهر خرم آباد، ایران استفاده شد. برای تعیین میزان بروز صفات درپوش برداری و تخلیه سلول از ازت مایع برای کشتن شفیره ها استفاده گردید. در ادامه درصد سلول‌های درپوش برداری و تخلیه شده 48 ساعت پس از ریختن ازت مایع شمارش شد. میانگین درپوش برداری و تخلیه سلول به ترتیب در فصل های بهار و تابستان 94/48، 92/67 و 91/81، 88/33 به دست آمد که تفاوت بین آن ها معنی دار نبود (p>0/05). جمعیت‌های 5 قابه به طور معنی داری کم ترین میانگین درپوش برداری (88/29) و تخلیه سلول (84/43) را در مقایسه با جمعیت های 7 و 10 قابه داشتند. میزان بروز رفتار بهداشتی تحت تاثیر اثر متقابل اندازه جمعیت و فصل قرار گرفت به طوری که جمعیت‌های 7 قابه در فصل بهار بهترین رفتار بهداشتی را داشتند. اختلاف معنی داری بین تیمارها در بروز رفتار تهاجمی مشاهده نشد. همبستگی مثبت و معنی داری بین درپوش برداری و تخلیه سلول مشاهده شد. به طور کلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد کلنی های زنبور عسل استان لرستان رفتار بهداشتی مناسبی از خود نشان می دهند و می توان از آن ها در راستای اجرای برنامه های اصلاح نژادی جهت ایجاد جمعیت های مقاوم استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of population size and Season on the expression of hygienic and aggressive behaviors in lorestan honey bee (Apis mellifera meda) colonies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Yahyaei 1
  • Maryam Karimi Dehkordi 2
1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran
2 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

Healthy behavior is an appropriate alternative method in combating honey bee pests and diseases to reduce the use of chemical pesticides. In this study, the effect of population size (5, 7 and 10 frames), season (spring and summer) and the interaction between population size and season were investigated on the incidence of health and invasive behaviors of lorestan honey bee colonies. For this purpose, 21 colonies belonging to Lorestan province, Khorramabad city, were used. Liquid nitrogen was used to kill pupae in order to determine the incidence of uncapping and removing traits. In the following, the percentage of uncapping and removing cells was counted 48 hours after pouring liquid nitrogen. The mean of cell removing and uncapping were 94.48%, 92.67%, 91.81% and 88.33% in spring and summer, respectively, but these differences was not significant (p>0.05). The 5 frames populations had the lowest mean of cap uncapping (88.29) and removing (84.43) compared to 7 and 10 frames populations. The incidence of health behavior was affected by the interaction of population size and season so that 7 frame populations had the best health behavior in spring. There was no significant difference between treatments in the occurrence of aggressive behavior. A significant positive correlation was observed between uncapping and removing. In general, the results of this study showed that the lorestan honey bee colonies show good health behavior and they can be used in breeding programs to build resistant populations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Honey Bee
  • Hygienic Behaviors
  • Season
  • Population Size
  • Lorestan

مراجع

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 13، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 321-328

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