مولکولار اپیدمیولوژی بابزیا بایجمینا و بابزیا بوویس در گاوهای شیری (صنعتی، نیمه صنعتی و سنتی) استان گیلان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات بیماری های انگلی، موسسه تحقیقات واکسن و سرم سازی رازی، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 بخش کنترل کیفی واکسن و فراورده های بیولوژیک، موسسه تحقیقات واکسن و سرم سازی رازی، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

10.22034/AEJ.2021.305772.2644

چکیده

در بین بیماری‌های منتقله از کنه، بابزیوزیس گاو یکی از مهم‌ترین بیماری‌ها در نشخوارکنندگان جهان تلقی می‌شود که در مناطق گرمسیری و نیمه گرمسیری خسارات اقتصادی قابل‌توجهی ایجاد می‌کند. این مطالعه باهدف تعیین میزان شیوع و عوامل خطر مرتبط با بابزیا بایجمینا و بابزیا بوویس در گاوهای شیری استان گیلان انجام شد. در مجموع 162 نمونه خون از طریق رگ گردن گاوهای شیری به‌ظاهر سالم در گاوداری های صنعتی، نیمه صنعتی و سنتی به‌طور تصادفی جمع‌آوری شد. در ابتدا DNA استخراجی از نمونه‌های خونی با جفت آغازگری از ژن 18SrRNA که جنس بابزیا را تکثیر می‌کرد، تکثیر شد. کلیه نمونه‌های مثبت در واکنش زنجیره پلیمراز-نیمه آشیانه‌ای از نظر وجودبابزیا بایجمینا و بابزیا بوویس مورد تجزیه‌ و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. آزمون کای-مربع جهت مقایسه میزان شیوع نسبت به فصل، نوع دامداری، روش تغذیه، سطح بهداشت دامداری، حضور کنه روی دام، سم‌پاشی در فصول گرم سال، فاصله بین دامداری‌ها، تراکم، نژاد، سن و جنس انجام شد. در واکنش زنجیره پلیمراز-نیمه آشیانه‌ای بابزیا بایجمینا و بابزیا بوویس به ترتیب در 16/7% و 21/6% نمونه‌ها شناسایی شدند. تجزیه‌وتحلیل عوامل مرتبط با عفونت بابزیا بایجمینا و بابزیا بوویسنشان داد که نوع دامداری، روش تغذیه، سم‌پاشی در فصول گرم سال و تراکم از عوامل خطر آلودگی در گاوهای گیلان است (0/05>P). شیوع بابزیا بایجمینا در گاوها با حضور کنه روی دام و نژاد دام ارتباط معنی‌داری داشت (0/05>P). این بررسی نشان داد که آلودگی  بابزیا بایجمینا و بابزیا بوویس در گاوهای گیلان گسترش دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Molecular epidemiology of Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis in dairy cattle (Industrial, semi-industrial and traditional) in Guilan province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Noaman 1
  • Hassan Morovati Khamsi 2
1 Department of Parasitic Disease Research, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of Vaccin and Biological Products Quality Control, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Among tick-borne diseases, bovine babesiosis is considered to be one of the most important in ruminants worldwide, causing significant economic losses in tropical and subtropical areas. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the risk factors that could be associated with Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis among cattle of the Guilan province, Iran. A total of 162 blood samples were collected via the jugular vein from healthy dairy cattle (Industrial, semi-industrial and traditional) randomly. DNA from blood cells was amplified by Babesia-all primers, which amplify an approximately 400bp DNA fragment from the region of the 18SrRNA gene from various members of the genus Babesia. All cattle positive samples were further analyzed for the presence of B. bigemina and B. bovis by specific semi-nested PCR. Babesia bigemina and B. bovis were identified by specific semi-nested PCR in 16.7% and 21.6% of cattle blood samples, respectively. Chi-square (χ2) tests were used to compare molecular prevalence values relative to season, farm-type, feeding-method, Hygienic-level, presence of ticks, application of ectoparasiticides, distance from other farms, barn-density, breed, age, and sex. Analysis of factors associated with B. bigemina and B. bovis infection revealed that farm type, feeding method application of ectoparasiticides and barn density are risks in cattle in Guilan (P<0.05). Also B. bigemina prevalence in cattle was significantly related to tick infestation and breed (P<0.05). This analysis demonstrated that B. bigemina and B. bovis infection are widespread among cattle in the Guilan province.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Babesia bigemina
  • Babesia bovis
  • Dairy cattle
  • Guilan
  • Molecular epidemiology

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 3
آبان 1401
صفحه 63-72

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