نقش تنوع زیستی در ترسیب کربن حاصل از فعالیت‌های انسانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم محیط زیست و جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 گروه زیست شناسی، واحد بروجرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بروجرد، ایران

10.22034/aej.2022.334126.2777

چکیده

انتشار دی اکسید کربن از شهرها به طور قابل توجهی در چند دهه گذشته همراه با شهرنشینی سریع افزایش یافته است. این که تا چه اندازه می‌توان انتشار دی اکسید کربن ناشی از فعالیت‌های شهری را از طریق حفظ یا افزایش ترسیب کربن در مناطق شهری و اطراف آن ها جبران کرد، یک سوال علمی مهم است. اگرچه اکوسیستم‌های طبیعی زمینی بخشی از دی اکسیدکربن منتشر شده را ترسیب می‌کنند، پایداری طولانی مدت این سرویس اکوسیستم‌‌ها تحت تاثیر وضعیت تنوع زیستی آن‌هاست. در این تحقیق با استفاده از داده‌های حاصل از بررسی‌های میدانی، اندازه‌گیری‌های صحرایی و آزمایشگاهی، ظرفیت ترسیب کربن پوشش گیاهی حاشیه شمال غربی کلان‌شهر تهران تخمین زده شد. شناسایی روابط زیتوده با شاخص‌های تنوع، غنا و یکنواختی نیز با آزمون همبستگی پیرسون بررسی شد. بررسی نتایج نشان داد شاخص تنوع سیمپسون و شانون وینر نرمال بوده و توزیع آن‌ها متقارن است. در بررسی شاخص‌های غنا نیز هر دو شاخص مارگالف و منهنیک از توزیع نرمال برخوردار بودند. توزیع شاخص یکنواختی هیل نرمال نبود اما شاخص یکنواختی پیت از توزیع نرمال برخوردار بود. بررسی رابطه زی توده رویه زمینی پوشش گیاهی منطقه مورد مطالعه با شاخص‌ها نشان داد بین شاخص تنوع سیمپسون (0/039>n=38, p و 66/91٪=r)، تنوع شانون-وینر (0/033>n=38, p و 53/58٪=r)، غنا مارگالف (0/033>n=38, p و 21/52٪=r)، غنا منهنیک (0/035>n=38, p و 19/71٪=r) و یکنواختی پیت (0/010>n=38, p و 17/36٪=r) با زی توده روی زمینی رابطه معنی‌دار و مثبت وجود دارد. شرایط و ساختار پوشش گیاهی حاشیه شهر‌ها می‌تواند مبین وضعیت ترسیب کربن در منطقه باشد و میزان ترسیب کربن چنین اکوسیستم‌هایی به‌صورت مستقیم تحت تأثیر شاخص‌های تنوع، غنا و یکنواختی پوشش گیاهی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biodiversity effects in carbon sequestration from human activities

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tara Mosivand 1
  • Zahra Azizi 2
  • Mohammad Mehdi Dehshiri 3
  • Lobat Taghavi 1
  • Mehdi Ramezani 1
1 Department of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resource and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Faculty of Natural Resource and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Biology, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
چکیده [English]

Emissions of carbon dioxide from cities have increased significantly in the last few decades with rapid urbanization. It is an important scientific question to what extent carbon dioxide emissions from urban activities can be offset by maintaining or increasing carbon sequestration in and around urban areas. Although natural terrestrial ecosystems absorb some of the emitted carbon dioxide, the long-term sustainability of these ecosystems is affected by their biodiversity status. In this study, using the data obtained from field surveys, field and laboratory measurements, the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation on the northwestern outskirts of Tehran was estimated. Identification of biomass relationships with diversity, richness and uniformity indices was also assessed by Pearson correlation test. The results showed that the diversity index of Simpson and Shannon Wiener was normal and their distribution was symmetric. In the study of Ghana indices, both Margalf and Mannich indices had a normal distribution. The Hill uniformity index distribution was not normal but the Pete uniformity index had a normal distribution. Investigation of the relationship between vegetation topsoil and study indices showed that between Simpson diversity index (n=37, P<0.039, and r=66.91%), Shannon-Wiener diversity (n=38, p<0.033, and r=53.58%). Ghana Margalf (P<0.033, n=38, r=21.52%), Ghana Manichae (P<0.035, n=38, r=19.71%), Peat uniformity (P<0.010, n=38, r=17.36%) There is a significant and positive relationship with terrestrial biomass. The conditions and structure of vegetation on the outskirts of cities can indicate the status of carbon sequestration in the region and the amount of carbon sequestration of such ecosystems is directly affected by the indicators of diversity, richness and uniformity of vegetation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Index
  • Species richness
  • Species uniformity
  • Vegetation biomass

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 15، شماره 1
خرداد 1402
صفحه 265-272

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