تاثیر سطوح مختلف عصاره هیدروالکلی نسترن کوهی ( Rosa canina L) بر توسعه غدد هیپوفارنژیال، فراسنجه‌های رشد و تولید عسل کلنی های زنبورعسل ( Apis mellifera)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 شرکت دانش بنیان اکسیر فراوران سبلان، پارک علم وفناوری، اردبیل، ایران

10.22034/aej.2022.336670.2786

چکیده

امروزه برای حفظ و بقاء کلنی‌‌های زنبور‌عسل، توجه ویژه‌ای به تغذیه کلنی‌ها با عصاره گیاهان دارویی شده است. در این آزمایش سطوح مختلف عصاره هیدروالکلی نسترن کوهی بر جمعیت، سطح پرورش نوزادان، تخم‌گذاری ملکه، میزان تولید عسل و رشد و نمو غدد هیپوفارنژیال کلنی‌های زنبور‌عسل (Apis mellifera) در فصل تابستان در زنبورستانی واقع در استان اردبیل مورد پژوهش قرار‌گرفت. در شروع آزمایش، باتوجه به جمعیت، ذخیره غذایی و ملکه‌های همسن خواهری یکسان‌سازی کلنی‌ها انجام گردید. تغذیه کلنی‌ها با تیمار شاهد و غلظت‌های مختلف عصاره نسترن (دو، چهار و هشت درصد عصاره) در مدت یک ماه انجام‌شد. اندازه‌گیری سطح پرورش نوزادان و میزان تخم‌گذاری ملکه به‌وسیله قاب مشبک ( 5×5 سانتی‌متر مربع) انجام-شد. اندازه‌گیری میزان جمعیت زنبورهای بالغ به‌صورت قابی و 30 روز بعد از تغذیه کلنی‌ها انجام‌شد. برای بررسی رشد و نمو غدد هیپوفارنژیال، طول و عرض 10 آسینی از قسمت‌های مختلف غده برای سنین 3، 6، 9، 12 و 15روزگی در زیر استریومیکروسکوپ و توسط نرم‌افزار (T‌ Capture) اندازه‌گیری شد. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار و چهار تیمار انجام‌گردید. در این تحقیق تیمار 2 درصد عصاره نسترن کوهی بر سطح پرورش نوزادان تاثیر معنی‌داری داشت ولی در تخم‌گذاری ملکه، جمعیت و تولید عسل هرچند از لحاظ عددی تاثیر بهتری گذاشته بود ولی از لحاظ آماری این تاثیر معنی‌دار نبود. در رشد غدد هیپوفارنژیال، بیشترین رشد سطح آسینی در 3 روزگی (0/0432 میلی‌متر مربع) برای زنبورهای تغذیه‌شده با 4 درصد عصاره نسترن و در 9 و 12 روزگی (به‌ترتیب 0/0763 و 0/0722 میلی‌متر مربع ) مربوط به کلنی های تغذیه‌شده با 2 درصد عصاره نسترن بود (0/05>P). به‌طور کلی می‌توان گفت که استفاده از دوز 2 درصد عصاره نسترن برای بهبود عملکرد کلنی‌های زنبورعسل موثر بوده است. هم چنین استفاده از عصاره هیدروالکلی نسترن کوهی به عنوان مکمل تغذیه‌ای به زنبوردارها توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different levels of Rosa canina hydroalcoholic extract on the development of hypopharyngeal glands, growth parameters and honey production of honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghayeh Shahbazade 1
  • Yousef Jafari Ahangari 1
  • Hossein Mohebodini 2
  • Behrouz Dastar 1
  • Reza Ashrafi Parchin 3
1 Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Excir Faravaran Sabalan Company, Science and Technology Park, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, for the preservation and survival of honey bee colonies, special attention has been paid to the nutrition of colonies with extracts of medicinal plants. In this experiment, the effect of different levels of Rosa canina hydroalcoholic extract on population, queen egg laying, brood rearing, honey production and development of the hypopharyngeal glands of honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera) were studied during summer in an apiary in Ardabil province. At the beginning of the experiment, the colonies were homogenized according to the population, food storage and queens of the same age. The colonies were fed with control treatment and different concentrations of Rosa canina extract (2, 4 and 8% of the extract) during1 month. Brood rearing and queen egg laying were measured by Lattice frame (size of the squares are 5×5 cm2). The population of adult honey bee was measured by frame and 30 days after feeding the colonies. To investigate development of the hypopharyngeal glands, length and width of 10 acini from different parts of the gland for age 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days were measured using a stereomicroscope and by software (T Capture).This experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with four replications and four treatments. In this study, treatment of 2% Rosa canina extract had a significant effect on brood rearing, but in queen egg laying, population and honey production, although it had a better effect numerically, but this effect was not statistically significant. In the growth of hypopharyngeal glands, the highest growth of acini level at 3 days (0.0432 mm2) for honey bees fed with 4% Rosa canina extract and at 9 and 12 days (respectively 0.0763 and 0.0722 mm2) It belonged to the colonies fed with 2% Rosa canina extract (P<0.05). In general, it can be said that the use of 2% of Rosa canina hydroalcoholic extract has been effective in improving the performance of honey bee colonies. It is also recommended for beekeepers to use Rosa canina hydroalcoholic extract as a nutritional supplement.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Colony Performance
  • Honey Bee
  • Hypopharyngeal Glands
  • Production
  • Rosa Canina extract

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 15، شماره 1
خرداد 1402
صفحه 237-244

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