بررسی عملکرد رشد و بازدهی لاشه بره‌های آمیخته حاصل از پایه مادری کردی با قوچ‌‌های بلوچی، قره‌گل وکردی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران

2 معاونت بهبود تولیدات دامی، سازمان جهادکشاورزی خراسان رضوی، مشهد، ایران

3 معاونت بهبود تولیدات دامی، سازمان جهادکشاورزی خراسان شمالی، بجنورد، ایران

4 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

10.22034/aej.2021.284594.2523

چکیده

شناسائی ظرفیت ژنتیکی اکوتیپ‌های گوسفندان بومی و ایجاد آمیخته‌های مناسب که در شرایط ایران بازده بالاتری داشته باشند می‌تواند در افزایش سودآوری گوسفند موثر باشد. به منظور بررسی اثر آمیخته‌گری بر عملکرد قبل و پس از شیرگیری و ترکیب لاشه بره‌های خالص کردی و بره‌های آمیخته کردی، بلوچی و قره‌گل از 3 گروه ژنتیکی شامل بره‌های خالص کردی (KK)، آمیخته‌های بلوچی× کردی (BK ) و قره‌گل× کردی ( GK) استفاده شد. داده‌ها با رویه GLM نرم افزار آماری SAS نسخه 9/2 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد بالاترین درصد باروری (90درصد) مربوط به گروه ژنتیکی کردی خالص می‌باشد. بره‌های حاصل از تلاقی (GK) دارای بالاترین وزن تولد و بره‌های حاصل از تلاقی (BK) دارای کم ترین وزن تولد بودند (به ترتیب 4/89 در مقابل 4/15 کیلوگرم). بیش ترین و کم ترین میزان مصرف ماده خشک به ترتیب مربوط به بره‌های BK (1360 گرم در روز) و بره‌های GK (1150 گرم در روز) بودند. بیش ترین افزایش وزن روزانه در گروه ژنتیکی BK و کم ترین میزان آن در گروه ژنتیکی KK به ترتیب 202/6 و 164/8 گرم در روز به دست آمد. بره‌های پرواری گروه‌ ژنتیکی GK بیش ترین وزن لاشه‌های گرم و سرد و راندمان لاشه (به‌ترتیب 25/9، 25/2 و 59/8) را داشتند. تأثیر آمیخته‌گری بر ضخامت چربی، وزن دنبه و ران معنی‌دار بود و بره‌های حاصل از تلاقی BK کم ترین ضخامت چربی (7/2) و بیش ترین وزن ران (3/2) را داشتند. براساس نتایج حاصل از مطالعه حاضر استفاده از قوچ‌های قره‌گل جهت تولید بره‌های تجاری آمیخته مناسب‌تر ‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of growth and carcasses performance of crossbred lambs from Kurdi mother cross with Kurdi, Baluchi and Karakul rams

نویسندگان [English]

  • Davoud Ali Saghi 1
  • Ali Mobaraki 2
  • Mohammad Robati Baluch 3
  • Ahmad Davtalab Zarghi 2
  • Mohammad Hendabadi 3
  • Razieh Saghi 4
1 Department of Animal Science, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Khorasan Razavi, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Mashhad, Iran
2 Deputy Director of Livestock Production Improvement, Jihad-e Agricultural Organization of Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran
3 Deputy Director of Livestock Product Improvement Agricultural Jihad-e Organization of, North Khorasan, Bojnoord, Iran
4 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]

Identifying the genetic capacity of native sheep ecotypes and using that in crossbreeding for higher performance in Iran can be effective in increasing sheep profitability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of crossbreeding on pre- and post weaning and carcass composition of purebred and crossbred lambs. Thus, three genetical groups such as purebred Kurdi (KK), Baluchi*Kurdi (BK) and Karakul*Kordi (GK) were used. Data were analyzed with GLM procedure using SAS 9.2. Results showed that Kordi ewes mated with Kurdi rams had the highest fertility percentage (90%). GK crossbred lambs had the highest and BK crossbred lambs had the lowest birth weight (4.89 vs. 4.15 kg, respectively). Dry matter intake of BK lambs (1360 g/d) and GK crossbred lambs (1150 g/d). The highest daily gain weight was obtained in BK genetic group and the lowest in KK genetic group was 202.6 and 164.8 g / day, respectively. The fattening lambs of GK had the highest hot and cold carcasses weight and carcass efficiency (25.9, 25.2 and 59.8, respectively). The effect of crossbreeding on fat thickness, tail and rump weight was significant and the BK lambs had the lowest fat thickness (7.2) and the highest rump weight (3.2).Based on the average performance before and after weaning as well as the appropriate carcass characteristics in lambs obtained from Karakul rams, it seems that the use of Karakul rams for the production of commercial crossbreed lambs is more appropriate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crossbreeding
  • Growth performance
  • Karakul
  • Kurdi
  • Sheep
  1. Dobek, A., Wojtowski, J., Szwaczkowski, T., Molinski, K. and Gut, A., 2004. Genetic variability for birth and fourth week weights in sheep. Archiv fur Tierzucht. Dummerstorf. 47: 64-72.
  2. Mavrogenis, A.P., 1996. Environmental and genetic factors influencing milk and growth traits of Awassi sheep in Cyprus. Small Ruminant Research. 20: 59-65.
  3. Seyedalian, S.A.R., Mirai Ashtiani, S.R. and Maqsoodi, S.M., 2013. Investigating the breeding performance of mixed and pure Sangsari lambs. The 5th Congress of Animal Sciences of Iran. (In Persian)
  4. Gholami, H. and Kianzad, M.R., 2015. Investigation of growth, carcass characteristics and economic efficiency of Zel breed and their crossbred. Animal 16(2): 137-145. (In Persian)
  5. Seyedsharifi, R. and Hamzehzadeh Azar, A., 2016. Evaluation of Slaughtered Lambs Results from Varamini Ewes Crossing with Shal, Afshar, Moghani and Varamini Rams. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research. 8(1): 174-185. (In Persian)
  6. Tekel, N., Baritci, I., Sireli, H.D., Tutkun, M., Eyduran, E. and Tariq, M.M., 2020. Determination of Fattening Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Awassi× (Romanov×Awassi) G1 Hybrid Male Lambs. Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 52(2): 753-758.
  7. National Research Council. 2007. Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids. The National Academeis Press.
  8. SAS Institute Inc. 2009. SAS/STAT User’s Guide, Version 9.2. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
  9. Vatankhah, M., 2016. Phenotypic and genetic factors affecting on reproductive lifetime of Lori-Bakhtiari ewes. Iranian Journal of applied A Nimal Science. 6(1): 125-131.
  10. Atashi, H. and Izadifar, J., 2012. Estimation of Individual Heterosis for Lamb Growth in Ghezal and Mehraban Sheep. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science. 2(2): 127-130.
  11. Kiyanzad, M.R., 2002. Crossbreeding of three Iranian sheep with respect to reproductive, growth and carcass characteristics. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Putra Malaysia.
  12. Esmailizadeh, A.K., Miraei-Ashtiani, S.R., Mokhtari, M.S. and Asadi Fozi, M., 2011. Growth Performance of Crossbred Lambs and Productivity of Kurdi Ewes as Affected by the Sire Breed under Extensive Production System. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 13: 701-708.
  13. Momani Shaker, M., Abdullah, A.Y., Kridli, R.T., Sada, I. and Sovjak, R., 2002. Effect of crossing indigenous Awassi sheep breed with mutton and proliÞc sire breeds on growth performance of lambs in subtropical region. Czech Journal of Animal Science. 47(6): 247-252.
  14. Godfrey, R.W. and Weis, A.J., 2005. Post-weaning growth and carcass traits of St. Croix White and Dorper × St. Croix White lambs fed a concentrate diet in the US Virgin Ilands. Sheep and Goat Research. 20: 32-36.
  15. Phillips, W.A., Brown, M.A., Dolezal, H.G. and Fitch, G.Q., 2005. Feedlot Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Lambs Sired by Texel, Romanov, St. Croix or Dorset Rams from Polypay and St. Croix Ewes. University of Nebraska – Lincoln. Sheep & Goat Research Journal. 20: 11-16.
  16. Gokdal, O., Ulker, H., Karakus, F., Cengiz, F., Temur, C. and Handil, H., 2004. Growth, feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of Karakas and crossbred lambs (F1) (Ile de France x Akkaraman (G1) x Karakas) under rural farm conditions in Turkey. SouthAfrican Journal ofAnimal Science. 34(4): 223- 232.
  17. Turkyilmaz, D. and Esenbuga, N., 2019. Increasing the productivity of Morkaraman sheep through crossbreeding with prolific Romanov sheep under semi-intensive production systems. South African Journal of Animal Science. 49(1): 185-191.
  18. Khaldari, M. and Ghiasi, H., 2018. Effect of crossbreeding on growth, feed efficiency, carcass characteristics and sensory traits of lambs from Lori Bakhtiari and Romanov breeds. Livestock Science. 214: 18-24.
  19. Gutierrez, J., Rubio, M.S. and Me ́ndez, R.D., 2005. Effects of crossbreeding Mexican Pelibuey sheep with Rambouillet and Suffolk on carcass traits. Meat Science. 70: 1-5.
  20. Kashan, N.E.J., Manafi Azar, G.H., Afzalzadeh, A. and Salehi, A., 2005. Growth performance and carcass quality of fattening lambs from fat-tailed and tailed sheep breeds. Small Ruminant Research. 60: 267-271.
  21. Cloete, J.J.E., Cloete, S.W.P., Olivier, J.J. and Hoffman, L.C., 2007. Terminal crossbreeding of Dorper ewes to Ile de France, Merino Landsheep and SA Mutton Merino sires: Ewe production and lamb performance. Small Ruminant Research. 69: 28-35.
  22. El Fadili, M., Michaux, C., Detilleux, J. and Leroy, P.L., 2001. Evaluation of fattening performances and carcass characteristics of purebred, first and second cross lambs between Moroccan Timahdite, D'man and improved meat rams. Animal Science. 72: 251-257.