واکاوی چالش‌ها و راهکارهای توسعه گردشگری پرنده‌نگری در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه حضرت معصومه (س)، قم، ایران

10.22034/aej.2021.292845.2573

چکیده

جاذبه‌های طبیعی حیات وحش به ویژه پرندگان را بایستی به عنوان فرصتی مناسب برای توسعه صنعت گردشگری قلمداد کرد خصوصاً این که با جایگزینی فرهنگ شکار پرندگان در طبیعت با بازدید از پرندگان می‌توان به حراست از این سرمایه طبیعی کمک نمود. لذا هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی چالش‌ها و راهکارهای توسعه گردشگری پرنده‌نگری در ایران است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی، از نظر نحوه گردآوری داده‌ها توصیفی و از نظر رویکرد، پژوهشی کیفی است. جامعه آماری شامل خبره‌های حوزه گردشگری پرنده‌نگری است. روش نمونه‌گیری، گلوله برفی است که با 16 خبره مصاحبه انجام و داده‌ها با روش تحلیل مضمون بررسی شد. خبرگان معتقدند جهت توسعه این صنعت، چالش‌های محیط زیستی، فرهنگی، اقتصادی و رفاهی، مدیریتی و تبلیغی- بازاریابی وجود دارد. هم چنین راهبردهای شناسایی‌شده عبارت‌اند از 1- راهبردهای توانمندساز مشتمل بر فرهنگ‌سازی، آموزش مستمر، تبلیغات و بازاریابی، ترویج کارآفرینی پرنده‌نگری، مشارکت افراد بومی و مدیریت مؤثر سازمان‌های گردشگری و 2- راهبردهای ظرفیت‌ساز مشتمل بر تأمین زیرساخت‌های گردشگری، تسهیل تردد قانونی گردشگران خارجی، ارتقای شرایط محیط زیستی، امنیت پایدار، سرمایه‌گذاری هدفمند و ارتقای ظرفیت میهمان‌نوازی. چالش‌های زیادی بر سر راه توسعه گردشگری پرنده‌نگری در ایران وجود دارد مانند نبود برنامه مدون از سوی سازمان‌ها، کمبود امکانات رفاهی، خدماتی و بهداشتی برای گردشگران، کمبود واحدهای اقامتی و زیرساخت‌های مالی نامساعد. این پژوهش نشان داد برای رفع این چالش‌ها و توسعه گردشگری پرنده‌نگری در ایران، کمک و مساعدت چندگانه دولت، نهادهای محلی و مردم مورد نیاز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the challenges and solutions of development of bird tourism in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rasoul Abbasi
  • Mohammadreza Fallah
  • Seyedeh Sahar Zamani
Department of Business Management, Faculty of Humanities, Hazrat-e Masoumeh University, Qom, Iran
چکیده [English]

Natural attractions of wildlife, especially birds, should be considered as a good opportunity to develop the tourism industry, especially that by replacing the bird-hunting culture with bird-watching, we can help preserve and protect this natural asset. Therefore the purpose of this study is to identify challenges and solutions for the development of bird watching tourism in Iran. This research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive in terms of data collection and qualitative in terms of approach. The statistical population includes experts in the field of bird tourism. The sampling method is the snowball method and 16 experts were interviewed and the data were examined by content analysis method. Experts believe that for the development of this industry, there are environmental, cultural, economic and welfare, management and advertising-marketing challenges. Also identified strategies are 1- empowerment strategies including culture building, continuing education, advertising and marketing, promotion of bird watching entrepreneurship, participation of indigenous people and effective management of tourism organizations and 2- capacity building strategies, including the provision of tourism infrastructure, facilitating the legal movement of foreign tourists, improving environmental conditions, sustainable security, targeted investment and enhancing hospitality capacity. Wildlife attraction is one of the natural attractions that has been neglected. This research showed to solve these challenges and develop bird watching tourism in Iran, multiple help is needed from the government, local institutions and the people.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tourism industry
  • Ecotourism
  • Bird development strategies

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 2
تیر 1401
صفحه 377-386

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