اثر استفاده ازکامبوچا در جیره‌های آلوده با آفلاتوکسین بر عملکرد، وضعیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و سلامت کبد جوجه‌های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

چکیده

کبد عضو اصلی است که مایکوتوکسین ها را پردازش می کند، آن ها را سم زدایی می کند و از بدن در برابر اثرات سمی آن ها محافظت می کند. AFB1 می تواند باعث متابولیسم نامتعادل چربی شود، با رسوب لیپید در کبد باعث بزرگ شدن آن شود و فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی و سایتوکین های ضد التهابی را سرکوب کند. کامبوچا به دلیل ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی، مخمرها و باکتری های تولید کننده اسید می‌تواند اثرات محافظت کبدی داشته باشد. تعداد 320 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر راس 308 برای بررسی تاثیر چای کامبوجا در کاهش درجه سمیت آفلاتوکسین، در آرایش فاکتوریل 4×2 در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با استفاده از 8 تیمار، چهار تکرار و 10 قطعه جوجه گوشتی در هر تکرار استفاده گردید. فاکتور اول میزان آفلاتوکسین جیره غذایی در دو سطح صفر و 2/5 میلی گرم در کیلوگرم جیره و فاکتور دوم کامبوچا در چهارسطح صفر، 5، 10 و 15 میلی‌لیتر در هر 100 میلی‌لیتر آب آشامیدنی بود. آفلاتوکسین طی دوره‌های آغازین، رشد، پایانی و در کل دوره، افزایش وزن روزانه، مصرف خوراک و شاخص کارایی تولید را به طور معنی داری کاهش داد (0/05˂P). طی دوره رشد و پایانی سطح 10 کامبوچا افزایش وزن روزانه بیش تری در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها داشت. استفاده از سطوح 5، 10 و 15 کامبوچا در مقایسه با سطح صفر کاهش معنی داری در مصرف خوراک نشان داد (0/05˂P). استفاده از کامبوچا، آفلاتوکسین و اثر متقابل آن ها تاثیر معنی داری بر ضریب تبدیل خوراک نداشت (0/05˃P). کامبوچا تاثیر معنی داری بر شاخص کارایی تولید نداشت (0/05˃P). آفلاتوکسین باعث افزایش معنی دار وزن و درصد چربی کبد در جوجه‌های گوشتی شده است (0/05˂P). کامبوچا تاثیر معنی داری بر وزن و درصد چربی کبد نداشت (0/05˃P). آفلاتوکسین به طور معنی داری باعث افزایش سطح آسپارتات‌آمینوترانسفراز و کاهش آلکالین‌فسفاتاز سرم گردید (0/05˂P) اما تاثیری بر سطح آلانین‌آمینوترانسفراز نداشت. هرچند استفاده از 15 کامبوچا کم ترین سطح آلانین‌آمینوترانسفراز را داشت اما با سطح صفر اختلاف معنی دار نداشت. استفاده از آفلاتوکسین در جیره به طور معنی داری باعث افزایش سطح گلوتاتیون‌پراکسیداز و سطوح مختلف کامبوچا باعث کاهش معنی دار سطح گلوتاتیون‌پراکسیداز سرم شد (0/05˂P). با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده استفاده از کامبوجا در سطوح 5، 10 و میلی‌لیتر در هر 100 میلی‌لیتر آب آشامیدنی می‌تواند در کاهش اثرات منفی ناشی از استفاده از آفلاتوکسین در جیره موثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Kombucha in aflatoxin-contaminated diets on growth performance, antioxidant status and liver function of broiler chicken

نویسندگان [English]

  • jamshid fazlinejhad
  • Babak Masouri
  • Bahman Parizadian Kavan
  • Heshmatollah Khosravinia
  • Ali Forouharmehr
Department of animal science, Faculty of agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

The liver is a major organ that processes mycotoxins, detoxifies them and protects the body against their toxic effects. AFB1 can cause unbalanced fat metabolism, increase lipid deposition in the liver, and suppress the activity of antioxidant enzymes and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Kambucha can have liver protective effects due to its antioxidant compounds, yeasts and acid-producing bacteria. 320 male Ross-308 broilers to evaluate the effect of Kambucha on reducing the degree of aflatoxin toxicity in 2 4 4 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design using 8 treatments, four replications and 10 broilers Used in each replication. The first factor was the amount of aflatoxin in the diet at two levels of zero and 2.5 mg/kg of diet and the second factor was kambucha at four levels of zero, 5, 10 and 15 ml per 100 ml of drinking water. Aflatoxin significantly reduced daily weight gain, feed intake and production efficiency index during the initial, growth, final and overall periods (P˂0.05). During the growth and final period of level 10, kambucha had more daily weight gain compared to other treatments. The use of levels 5, 10 and 15 of kambucha compared to level zero showed a significant decrease in feed consumption (P˂0.05). The use of kombucha, aflatoxins and their interaction had no significant effect on feed conversion ratio (P˃0.05). Kambucha had no significant effect on production efficiency index (P˃0.05). Aflatoxin caused a significant increase in liver weight and fat percentage in broilers (P˂0.05). Kambucha had no significant effect on liver weight and fat percentage (P˃0.05). Aflatoxin significantly increased aspartate-aminotransferase levels and decreased serum alkaline phosphatase (P˂0.05) but had no effect on alanine-aminotransferase levels. Although the use of 15 kambucha had the lowest level of alanine-aminotransferase, it was not significantly different from the level of zero. The use of aflatoxin in the diet significantly increased the level of glutathione-peroxidase and different levels of kambucha significantly reduced the level of serum glutathione-peroxidase (P˂0.05). According to the results, the use of Kambucha at levels of 5, 10 and ml per 100 ml of drinking water can be effective in reducing the negative effects of aflatoxin in the diet.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aflatoxin
  • Broiler
  • Kambucha
  • Liver health
  • Performance

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 15، شماره 2
مرداد 1402
صفحه 129-140

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