بررسی اثرات اندازه ذرات ماسه در مطلوبیت زیستگاه های آشیانه سازی لاکپشت پوزه عقابی (Eretmochelys imbricata; Linnaeus, 1766) در خلیج فارس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

چکیده

لاکپشت‌های پوزه عقابی (Eretmochelys imbricata) یکی از هفت گونه باقی‌مانده لاکپشت‌های دریایی در سطح جهان هستند که به دلیل بهره‌برداری طولانی مدت در فهرست قرمز IUCN به‌عنوان در خطر انقراض طبقه‌بندی شده‌اند. انتخاب مکان آشیانه یکی از مهم ترین رفتارها در ماده‌های تولیدمثل کننده می‌باشد. زیرا محیط اطراف آشیانه بر روی بقای نوزادان اثر گذار است. ماسه‌ها از هشت سواحل آشیانه سازی در خلیج فارس از سه عمق جمع‌آوری شد. پس از خشک شدن نمونه‌ها در هوای آزاد، 100 گرم نمونه خشک شده به صورت جداگانه برای هر عمق توزین شد از الک‌های استاندارد ASTM (شماره: 4-200 برای تعیین توزیع اندازه ذرات استفاده گردید. در نهایت محتویات هر الک جمع آوری و توزین شد. پارامترهای آماری با استفاده از برنامه GRADISTAT محاسبه شد. بافت ماسه در دو جزیره هرمز و ام‌الکرم از نوع Gravelly (شن) و در سایر نواحی از نوع Slightly Gravelly (شن سبک) بود. اندازه ذرات در تمام نقاط مهم مناطق آشیانه سازی کم تر از 1000 میکرومتر با میانگین 171/4±581/6 محاسبه شد. کم ترین قطر ذرات در خلیج نایبند 284/9 میکرومتر و بیش ترین در جزیره ام‌الکرم با 856/4 میکرومتر بود. بر اساس نتایج مطالعه حاضر، دانه بندی و منشاء ذرات ماسه در جزایر خلیج فارس، اعم از صدفی، مرجانی و سنگریزه‌ای، نشان دهنده تنوع بالا در ساختار سواحل آشیانه‌سازی جمعیت لاکپشت پوزه عقابی در ایران می‌باشد. در لاک‌پشت‌های پوزه عقابی خلیج فارس، اندازه ذرات ماسه به‌عنوان یک ویژگی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر تمایل لانه‌های حفر شده ندارد. توصیه می‌شود فعالیت گردشگری در فصول تخم‌گذاری این گونه در معرض خطر انقراض، مورد مدیریت قرار گیرد. هم چنین در ساخت ابنیه و اسکله‌های مجاور با سواحل حساس، به تاثیرات آبشوئی ناشی از دستکاری خطوط ساحلی و اثر آن بر جریانات هیدرولوژیکی دریا توجه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the effects of sand particle size on the suitability of nesting habitats of hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata; Linnaeus, 1766) in the Persian Gulf

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zohreh Nasiri
  • Mehdi Gholamalifard
  • Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri
Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
چکیده [English]

 Hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) are one of the seven remaining species of sea turtles in the world that are classified as endangered in the IUCN Red List due to their long-term use. Nest site selection is one of the most important behaviors in reproductive females. Because the environment around the nest affects the survival of the hatchlings. Sands were collected from eight nesting beaches in the Persian Gulf from three depths. After drying the samples in the open air, 100 gr of the dried sample was weighed separately for each depth. ASTM standard sieves (No.: 4-200) were used to determine the particle size distribution. Finally, the contents of each sieve were collected and the statistical parameters were calculated using the GRADISTAT program. The sand texture in Hormoz and Ommolkaram Islands was Gravelly and in other areas it was Slightly Gravelly. Particle size in all important points of nesting areas was less than 1000 μm with an average of 581.6±171.4. The lowest particle diameter in Nayband Bay was 284.9 μm and the highest in Ommolkaram Island was 856.4 μm. Based on the results of the present study, the grain size and origin of sand particles in the Persian Gulf islands, including oyster shells, coral and gravel, indicate high diversity in the structure of nesting hawksbill turtle populations in Iran. In the Persian Gulf hawksbill turtle, the size of particles as a feature does not have a significant effect on the tendency to dig nests.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • The Persian Gulf
  • Hawksbill turtle
  • Sand particle size
  • Nesting habitat
  • Suitability

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 15، شماره 2
مرداد 1402
صفحه 193-200

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