تغییر فلور باکتریایی روده در نتیجه استفاده از سطوح مختلف پودر اسپیرولینا و گل میخک در جیره غذایی بچه ماهی کپور معمولی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

2 گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

10.22034/aej.2022.336177.2784

چکیده

ترکیب میکروفلور روده جانوران تحت تاثیر غذا قرار دارد، از سوی دیگر استفاده از ترکیبات طبیعی و گیاهان دارویی سنتی در آبزی پروری امروزه روبه گسترش است. تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر وجود پودر جلبک اسپرولینا و گل میخک بر میکرو فلور دستگاه گوارش بچه ماهی کپور انجام گردید. به این منظور، تعداد 160 عدد بچه ماهی انگشت قد کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio) با میانگین وزنی 1± 16/20 به مدت 8 هفته با جیره های غذایی حاوی مقادیر مختلف پودر جلبک اسپیرولینا (5، 10 و 15 درصد) و پودر گل میخک (2، 4 و 6 درصد) بر حسب کیلوگرم غذا تغذیه شدند. پس از پایان دوره احشا بچه ماهیان برداشت شد. DNA مورد نیاز بعد از آماده سازی از نمونه ها استخراج گردید. DNA استخراج شده جهت ساخته شدن کتابخانه مولکولی و توالی یابی نسل جدید مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. در پایان، فراوانی و تراکم باکتری ها روده از طریق مطالعه مولکولی و ساختار ژنتیکی به روش آنالیز کمی سازی مبتنی بر Real Time PCR بررسی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش میزان پودر اسپرولینا به جیره ماهیان تا سطح 10 درصد و پودر گل میخک تا 4 درصد منجر به افزایش فعالیت باکتری های فرمی کویت افزایش گردید. در حالی که فعالیت باکتری های باکتروئیده در تیمار حاوی 15 درصد پودر اسپرولینا و تیمار حاوی 4 درصد پور گل میخک مشاهده شد. با افزایش درصد پودر گل میخک در جیره غذایی کاهش فعالیت باکتریایی در هر دو گروه باکتریایی کاهش یافت. این فعالیت در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد نیز از سطح کم تری برخودار بود. لذا، افزودن پودر اسپرولینا (تا 10 درصد) و گل میخک (4 درصد) می تواند منجر به بهبود عملکرد میکرو فلور روده بچه ماهی انگشت قد ماهی کپور گردد. بر اساس یافته ها مشخص گردید که مکمل های گیاهی به طور مثبت بر باکتری‌های مفید میکروبیوتای روده کپور تأثیر می‌گذارند و می‌توانند یک استراتژی کارآمد برای آبزی پروری فراهم نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Alteration of intestinal bacterial flora as a result of using different levels of spirulina powder and cloves in the diet of ordinary carp

نویسندگان [English]

  • Davoud Mohammadrezaei 1
  • Kaveh Khosraviani 2
1 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
2 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
چکیده [English]

The composition of the intestinal microflora of animals is affected by the type of food, on the other hand, the use of natural compounds and traditional medicinal plants such as spirulina and etc… as a new component in fish diets is expanding today. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of spirulina algae powder and clove powder on the gastrointestinal microflora of common carp juveniles. So, 160 juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (average weight 16.20 ± 1) were fed for 8 weeks with diets containing different amounts of spirulina algae powder (5, 10, and 15 %) and Cloves powder (2, 4, and 6 %) per kg of food. At the end of the period, the Guts and viscera of juveniles were harvested. DNA was extracted after preparing the required sample. The extracted DNA was used to build a new generation molecular library and sequencing. The abundance of intestinal bacteria was determined by molecular study and DNA extraction by quantitative analysis based on Real-Time PCR. The results showed that increasing the amount of spirulina powder in fish diets by up to 10 % and clove powder by up to 4 % increased the activity of firmicutes bacteria. While the activity of Bacteroides was observed in the treatment containing 15 % spirulina and 4 % of clove powder. Bacterial activity decreased in both bacterial groups by increasing the percentage of clove powder in the diet. This activity was lower than the control treatment. Therefore, the addition of spirulina powder (up to 10 %) and cloves (up to 4 %) can improve the intestinal microflora of juvenile common carp. Based on the findings, it was found that herbal supplements have a positive effect on the beneficial bacteria of carp gut microbiota and they can provide an effective strategy for aquaculture activities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spirulina
  • Clove
  • firmicutes
  • bacteroides
  • Molecular study and Carp
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