تاثیر جایگزینی پودر ماهی با منابع پروتئین های گیاهی بر عملکرد رشد و فعالیت آنزیم های گوارشی در ماهی باس دریایی آسیایی (Lates calcalifer)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 قطب بهداشت و بیماری های ماهیان گرمابی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 پژوهشکده آبزی پروری جنوب کشور، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران

4 گروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

5 گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

10.22034/aej.2021.303429.2634

چکیده

هدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی تاثیر پروتئین‌های گیاهی بر شاخص‌های رشد، فعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی و هم‌چنین معرفی جیره غذایی متناسب با گونه باس دریایی آسیایی پرورشی از نظر کارایی بیولوژیکی می باشد. تعداد 600 قطعه بچه ماهی با وزن متوسط 2/5±54 گرم در 15 مخزن پرورشی (500 لیتری) با تراکم 40 قطعه در هر مخزن توزیع و به مدت 60 روز با جیره های تهیه شده تغذیه شدند. ترکیب پروتئین‌های گیاهی (کنجاله سویا، گلوتن گندم و گلوتن ذرت) بوده و در دو سطح 35 و 70 درصد جهت جایگزینی پودر ماهی استفاده شد و عملکرد رشد و فعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که فاکتور‌های ضریب رشد ویژه، درصد افزایش وزن، ضریب رشد نسبی و افزایش وزن روزانه در تیمار اول (پودر ماهی) و دوم (35 درصد جایگزینی) دارای بهترین عملکرد بوده است. هم چنین جایگزینی 70 درصد پودر ماهی با منابع پروتئین‌های گیاهی منجر به کاهش معنی داری در ضریب رشد ویژه، افزایش وزن روزانه و ضریب رشد نسبی نسبت به تیمار اول (پودر ماهی) شد (0/05>P). نتایج بررسی آنزیم‌های گوارشی بیان داشت که تیمار چهارم (تجاری 1) در فاکتور‌های آلکالین فسفاتاز، لیپاز، آلفا آمیلاز و تیمار دوم (35 درصد جایگزینی) در فعالیت آنزیم ترپسین ، اختلاف معنی داری نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشتند (0/05>P). بر اساس نتایج حاصل ماهی باس دریایی آسیایی به راحتی می‌تواند با جایگزینی 35 درصد پودر ماهی با منابع پروتئین‌های گیاهی عملکرد رشد مناسبی را داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of replacing fish meal with plant protein sources on growth performance and digestive enzymes activity in Asian sea bass (Lates calcalifer)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamzeh Mohtashami pour 1
  • Mehrzad Mesbah 1 2
  • Takavar Mohammadian 1 2
  • Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh 3
  • Anahita Rezaie 4 2
  • Mohamad Reza Tabandeh 5 2
1 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Excellence Center of Warm Water Fish Health, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Agriculture Research, Education and Extension, South Iran Aquaculture Research Center, Iran Fisheries Science Research Institution Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
5 Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of replacing fish meal with plant protein sources on growth performance, digestive enzymes activity and also introducing a diet suitable for cultured Asian sea bass species in terms of biological efficiency. A total of 600 juveniles with an average weight of 54±2.5 gr were distributed in 15 tanks (500 liters) with a density of 40 pieces in each tank and were fed with prepared diets for 60 days. The composition of plant proteins (soybean meal, wheat gluten and corn gluten) was used at two levels of 35 and 70% to replace fish meal and the growth performance and activity of digestive enzymes were examined.The results showed that T1 (fish meal) and T2 (35% replacement) had the best performance in specific growth factor, weight gain percentage, relative growth rate, weight gain. Also, replacement of 70% fish meal with plant protein sources led to a significant reduction in specific growth rate, daily weight gain and relative growth rate compared to T1 (P<0.05).The results of gastrointestinal enzymes activity showed that the T4 (commercial 1) in alkaline phosphatase, lipase, α-amylase and the T2 in trypsin activity had a significant difference compared to other treatments (P<0.05). It can be inferred that Asian sea bass can easily have good growth performance by replacing 35% fish meal with plant protein sources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fish meal
  • plant protein
  • replacement
  • growth
  • Asian sea bass

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