تاثیر استفاده از سیلاژهای تهیه شده از نسبت‌های مختلف علوفه بادام زمینی و ذرت علوفه‌ای بر عملکرد و فراسنجه‌های خونی بره‌های نر مغانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، واحد شبستر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شبستر، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اهر، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی امکان جایگزینی سطوح مختلف سیلاژ علوفه بادام زمینی با سیلاژ ذرت و اثرات این جایگزینی بر عملکرد و فراسنجه‌های خونی بره‌های مغانی بود. در پژوهش حاضر، ابتدا علوفه بادام زمینی در نسبت های اختلاط صفر (شاهد)، 25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد، جایگزین سیلاژ ذرت شده و به مدت چهار هفته سیلو شدند. تعداد 30 راس بره نر مغانی با میانگین وزنی 30 کیلوگرم انتخاب و در قالب طرح پایه کاملا تصادفی در جایگاه‌های جداگانه در 5 تیمار و هر تیمار با 6 تکرار به مدت 70 روز با جیره‌های غذایی آزمایشی تغذیه شدند. یک روز قبل از شروع دوره آزمایش و یک روز قبل از اتمام دوره آزمایش، از طریق ورید وداج بره‌ها خونگیری انجام شد. بررسی نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که جایگزین کردن 25 درصد علوفه بادام زمینی با تیمار حاوی علوفه ذرت سیلو شده تاثیر معنی‌داری بر میانگین افزایش وزن روزانه و وزن نهایی بره‌ها در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد نداشت ولی با افزایش سطح جایگزینی علوفه بادام زمینی، افزایش وزن روزانه و در نتیجه وزن نهایی به طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت (P<0/0001). هر چند تفاوت معنی‌داری از نظر مصرف ماده خشک بین تیمارهای آزمایشی مشاهده نشد اما ضریب تبدیل غذایی به طور معنی‌داری تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار گرفت (P<0/0001). مناسب‌ترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی مربوط به تیمار شاهد و همچنین تیمار حاوی 25 درصد علوفه بادام زمینی بوده و با افزایش سطح جایگزینی علوفه بادام زمینی از 25 درصد، ضریب تبدیل غذایی به طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. از بین فراسنجه‌های خونی مورد آزمایش، تفاوت معنی‌داری از نظر آلبومین و کلسترول، بین تیمارهای آزمایشی مشاهده نشد، اما پروتیین کل (P<0/05)، تری گلیسرید (P<0/0001) و گلوکز خون (P<0/0001) به طور معنی‌داری تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار گرفتند. جایگزینی کامل سیلاژ علوفه بادام زمینی به جای سیلاژ ذرت، باعث افت معنی‌دار گلوکز خون بره‌ها گردید، در حالی‌که کم‌ترین مقدار پروتیین خون مربوط به تیمار شاهد بود. در مجموع به نظر می‌رسد بدون اثر منفی بر عملکرد و فراسنجه‌های خونی، می‌توان سیلاژ علوفه بادام زمینی را در سطح 25 درصد جایگزین سیلاژ ذرت در جیره غذایی بره‌های پرواری کرد. اما سطوح بالاتر به ویژه سیلوی حاوی 100 درصد علوفه بادام زمینی موجب افت عملکرد دام‌های مورد آزمایش می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of using silages prepared from different proportions of peanut fodder and whole crop maize on the performance and blood parameters of Moghani male lambs

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parviz Naser Amini 1
  • Naser Maheri Sis 1
  • Ramin Salamatdoust Nobar 1
  • Amirreza Safaei 2
  • Maghsoud Besharati 3
1 Department of Animal Sciences, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran
2 Animal Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
3 Department of Animal Science, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz. Tabriz , Iran
چکیده [English]

Supply of cheap fodder with good nutritional value is one of the important issues of tropical countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of replacing different levels of peanut silage with corn silage and the effects of this replacement on performance and blood parameters of Moghani lambs. In this research, peanut fodder was replaced with corn silage in proportions of 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100% and silage was prepared for four weeks. A number of 30 Moghani male lambs with an average weight of 30 kg were selected and fed with experimental diets in the form of a completely randomize design in separate locations in 5 treatments and each treatment with 6 repetitions for 70 days. One day before the beginning of the experimental period and one day before the end of the experimental period, blood sample was drawn through the jugular vein of the lambs. The results of this research show that replacing 25% of peanut fodder with a treatment containing ensiled corn fodder had no significant effect on the average daily weight gain and the final weight of lambs compared to the control treatment, but with the increase in the level of peanut fodder replacement, the daily weight gain increased; and as a result, the final weight decreased significantly. Although no significant difference was observed in terms of dry matter consumption between the experimental treatments, but the feed conversion ratio was significantly affected by the experimental treatments. The most appropriate feed conversion ratio was related to the control treatment and the treatment containing 25% peanut fodder and with the increase of the replacement level of peanut fodder from 25%, the feed conversion ratio increased significantly. Regarding the tested blood parameters, no significant difference were observed in terms of albumin and cholesterol between the experimental treatments, but total protein, triglyceride and blood glucose were significantly affected by the experimental treatments. The complete replacement of peanut fodder silage instead of corn silage caused a significant drop in the blood glucose of the lambs, while the lowest amount of blood protein was observed in the control treatment. In general, it seems that peanut fodder silage can be substituted for corn silage at the level of 25% in the diet of fattening lambs without any negative effect on performance and blood parameters.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Blood glucose
  • Corn silage
  • Feed conversion ratio
  • Moghani lambs
  • Peanut fodder

مراجع

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 15، شماره 2
مرداد 1402
صفحه 105-112

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