تاثیر آفت کش های فوزالون، پیریدالیل، فن پیروکسی میت روی فراسنجه های زیستی زنبور Bracon hebetor

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

10.22034/aej.2022.321869.2718

چکیده

زنبور Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) یکی از مهم ترین پارازیتوئید‌‌های خارجی مرحله‌ی لاروی بسیاری از آفات بال‌پولک‌دار به ویژه شب‌پره‌های خانواده Pyralidae و Noctuidae است. این زنبور در سطح وسیع در برنامه‌‌های کنترل بیولوژیک به کار می‌رود. همه ساله در مزارع پنبه آفت کش‌هایی مصرف می‌شود که می‌تواند بر روی دشمنان طبیعی از جمله زنبور B. hebetor اثر کشنده داشته باشد. در این تحقیق اثرات کشندگی و زیرکشندگی آفت‌کش‌های متداول مصرف در زراعت پنبه از جمله فوزالون، پیریدالیل و فن‌پیروکسی‌میت روی زنبور B. hebetor در شرایط آزمایشگاهی با دمای1±26 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد و دوره‌ نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. آزمایش‌های زیست‌سنجی روی مراحل نابالغ همراه با میزبان به روش غوطه‌وری انجام گرفت. تاثیر غلظت توصیه شده‌ مزرعه‌ای آفت‌کش‌ها بر روی مراحل لاروی و شفیرگی زنبور B. hebetor بررسی گردیده و طبق گروه‌بندی سازمان بین‌المللی کنترل بیولوژیک (IOBC) هر چهار آفت‌کش در گروه آفت‌کش‌های کم ضرر قرار گرفتند. در بررسی اثرات زیرکشندگی آفت‌کش‌ها (LC25) بر روی حشرات کامل ماده زنبور معلوم گردید که همه‌ فراسنجه‌های زیستی، تولید‌مثلی و جمعیت پایدار تحت تاثیر آفت‌کش‌ها قرار دارند. مقادیر rm و R0 برای شاهد و آفت‌کش‌های فوزالون، پیریدالیل و فن‌پیروکسی‌میت به ترتیب 0/23، 0/21، 0/18 و 0/23 ماده بر ماده بر روز و 1/17±69/36˓ 0/71±33/78˓ 0/46±26/35 و 2/43±40/76 ماده بر ماده بر نسل به دست آمد ترتیب سمیت حشره‌کش‌‌های مورد استفاده بر روی زنبور پارازیتوئید به صورت فوزالون > پیریدالیل > فن‌پیروکسی‌میت بود. مقایسسه میانکین داده‌ها بر اساس آزمون توکی(p<0/05) نشان داد که اختلاف بین آن ها معنی‌دار است. اثرات منفی آفت‌کش ها روی افراد بالاتر سطوح غذایی از جمله پارازیتوئیدها به خوبی شناخته نشده است، اما بر اساس یافته‌های این تحقیق، فن‌پیروکسی‌میت یک آفت کش مناسب برای تلفیق در سیستم‌های مدیریت آفات زراعی و کشاورزی می‌باشد که فاقد اثرات سوء قابل اندازه گیری روی دشمنان طبیعی کلیدی و مهم مانند زنبور براکون می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Phosalone, Pyridalil and Fenpyroximate on Bracon hebetor life history parameters

نویسنده [English]

  • Manizheh Jamshidi
Department of Plant Protection, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), is one of the important ectoparasitoid on larval stage of many lepidopterous pests especially Noctuidae and Pyralidae. These wasps are used widely in biological control programs. Every year a variety of pesticides are used in cotton fields, which affects natural enemies such as B. hebetor. In this research, lethal and sub-lethal effects of commonly used pesticides in cotton fields such as Phosalone, Pyridalil and Fenpyroximate, on B. hebetor were evaluated under laboratory conditions (25±1ºC, 60±5 r.h. and a photoperiod of 16L: 8D h). In this research, lethal and sub-lethal effects of commonly used pesticides in cotton fields such as Phosalone, Pyridalil, and Fenpyroximate, on B. hebetor were evaluated under laboratory conditions (25±1ºC, 60±5 r.h. and a photoperiod of 16L: 8D h). In the next stage of study, bioassay experiments by application of dipping were carried out on immature B. hebetor. The effects of field recommended concentrations of the pesticides were assessed on the larval and pupal stages of B. hebetor according to IOBC standard methods‚ thus the results showed that every of three pesticides were classified as slightly harmful. Assessment of pesticides sub lethal effects on adult warps which were exposed to LC25 revealed, stable population parameters, biological and reproductive parameters were influenced by this pesticide. The mean value of Net reproductive rate (R0) and intrinsic rate of increase (rm) for phosalone, pyridalil and fenpyroximate, were calculated 33.78±0.71, 26.35± 0.45 and 40.76±2.43 female/female/generation and 0.21, 0.18 and 0.23 female/female/day, respectively. Comparison of means using Tukey's test (p<0.05) shows that, different between the means is significant. Also negative effects of pesticides on parasitoids unknow well but our results showed that the order of toxicities of the insecticides on B. hebetor was as follows: phosalone > pyridalil > fenpyroximate and fenpyroximate is suitable pesticide for interment pest managements.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bracon hebetor
  • Integrated pest management
  • Intrinsic rate of increase
  • Parasitoid

مراجع

  1. Amir-Maafi, M. and Chi, H., 2006. Demography of Bracon hebetor (Hym: Braconidae) on Two Pyralid Hosts (Lep: Pyralidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 99(1): 84-99.
  2. Azzouz, H., Giordanengo, P., Wackers, F.L. and Laure, K., 2004. Effects of feeding frequency and sugar concentration on behavior and longevity of the adult aphid parasitoid: Aphidius ervi (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Biological Control. 31: 445-452.
  3. Attaran, M., 1996. Effect of laboratory host on biological attributes of parasitoid wasp Bracon hebetor Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of M Sc. Department of entomology. Faculty of Agriculture. Tarbiat Modares University. 83 P.
  4. Blumberg, D., Navon, A., Keren, S., Goldenberg, S. and Ferkovich, M., 1997. Interaction among Helicoverpa armigera (Lep.: Noctoidae), its larval endoparasitoid microplitis croceipes (Hym.: Braconidae), and Bacillus thuringenesis. Econ. Entomol. 90: 1181-1186.
  5. Carey, J.R., 1993. Applied demography for biologisit with special emphasis on insects, Oxford University Press, Inc. 205 p.
  6. Consoli, F.L., Parra, J.R.P. and Hassan, S.A., 1998. Side effects of insecticides used intomato fields on the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hym: Trichogrammatidae). a natural enemy of Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lep: Gelechiidae). Journal of Applied 122: 43-47.
  7. Croft, B.A., 1990. Anthropod biological control agents and pesticides. 1st, John Wiley and Sons, New York. 723 p.
  8. Delpuech, J.M., Bussod, S. and Amar, A., 2015. The sublethal effects of endosulfan on the circadian rhythms and locomotor activity of two sympatric parasitoid species. Chemosphere. 132: 200-205.
  9. Dent, D., 1995. Integrated pest management. 1st, Chapman and Hall, London. 235 p.
  10. Desneux, D., Ramirez-Romero, R. and Kaiser, L., 2006. Multistep bioassay to predict recolonization potential of emerging parasitoid after a pesticide treatment. Enviromental Toxicology and Chemistry. 25: 2657-2682.
  11. Eliopoulos,A. and Stathas, G.J., 2008. Life tables of Habrobracon hebetor (Hym.: Braconidae) parasitizing Anagasta kuehniella and Plodia interpunctella (Lep.: Pyralidae): effect of host density. J. Econ. Entomol. 101: 982-988.
  12. Gallego, J.R., Guerrero-Manzano, J., Fernandez-Maldonado, F.J. and Cabello, T., 2019. Susceptibility of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma achaeae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to selected insecticides used in tomato greenhouse. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 17(2): 1-15.
  13. Jamshidi, M., Nouri, G.G., Kazemi, M.H., Shojai, M. and Imani, S., 2014. Investigation of sex ratio and adult longevity of Habrobracon hebetor Say in relation to some conventional and biorational insecticides. Archives of phytopathology and plant protection. 7: 17-23.
  14. Hatami, B., Field experiment guild in plant protection. Arcan of Esphehan Press. 233 p. (In Persian)

15.   Heidari, A., Moharramipour, S., Poormirza, A.A. and Talebi, A.A., 2004. Effects of buprofezin, pyriproxyfen and fenpropathrin on the reproductive parameters of Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran. 25(2): 17-34. (In Persian)

  1. Hoddle, M.S., 2006. Phenology, life tables and reproductive biology of Tetraleurodes perseae (Hom: Aleyrodidae) on California avocados. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 99: 553-559.
  2. Heping, W., Ling, M. and Baoping, L., 2008. Effects of feeding frequency and sugar concentrations on lifetime reproductive success of Meteorus pulchricornis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Biological Control. 45: 353-359.
  3. Khan, H. and Robertson, J.R., 2015. Lethal and behavioral effects of selected novel pesticides on adults of Trichogramma pretiosum (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae). Pest Management Science. 71: 1640-1648.
  4. Lee, J.C. and Hemipel, G.E., 2008. Effect of floral nectar, water, and feeding frequency on Cotesia glomerata longevity. Biological control. 53: 289-294.
  5. Maia, A.H.N., Luiz, A.J.B. and Campanhola, C., 2000. Statistical inference on associated fertility life table parameters using jackknife technique computational aspects. Journal of Economic Entomology. 93: 511-518.
  6. Parker, B.L., Ming, N.S., Peng, T.S. and Singh, G., 1976. The effect of malation on fecundity, longevity and geotropism of Menochilus sexmaculatus. Environmental Entomology. 5: 495-501.
  7. Moggasem, M., Jamshidi, M., Khakvar, R. and Nematollahie, S., 2022. Toxicity study of different isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae extracted from the soil of different orchards of East Azerbaijan on flour moth (Anagasta kuehniella). Journal of Animal Environment. (Forthcoming). (In Persian)
  8. Rezaie, M., Shirdel, D., Kamalie, H. and Emami, M.S., Efficiency of several formulations of Fenpropathrin in control of European red mite in apple orchards of some provinces. Journal of Animal Environment. 1: 415-422. (In Persian)

24.   Salokhel, S., Mukherjee, S.N., Deshpand, S.G., Ghule, V.P. and Mathad, J.R., 2010. Effect of sub-lethal concentration of insect growth requlator, lufenuron on larval growth and development of Aedes aegypti. Res. Commun. 99: 1256-1289.

25.   Stark, J.D. and Banks, J.E., 2003. Population level effects of pesticides and other toxicants on arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology. 48: 505-519.

  1. Steidle, J.L.M., Rees, D. and Wright, E.J., 2001. Assessment of Australian Trichogramma species (Hym: Trichogrammatidae) as control agents stored product moths. Journal stored products research. 37: 263-275.
  2. Suh, C.P.C., Orr, D.B. and Van Duyn, J.W., 2000. Trichogramma releases in North Carolina cotton: why releases fail to suppress heliothine pests. Journal of Economic Entomology. 93: 1137-1145.
  3. Takada, Y., Kawamura, S. and Takada, T., 2001. Effect of various insecticides on the development of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hym: Trichogrammatide). Journal of Economic Entomology. 94(6): 1340-1343.
  4. Talebi Jahromi, A.A., 2008. Pesticides University of Tehran Press. (In Persian)
  5. Tanzubil, P.B. and McCaffery, A.R., 1990. Effects of Azadirachtin on reproduction in the African army worm (Spodoptera exempta). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 57: 115-121.
فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 3
آبان 1401
صفحه 393-398

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار