اثر عصاره مخمر و مخمر اتولیز شده بر قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی، فراسنجه های تخمیری شکمبه، بیان ژن اینترلوکین-6 و تیتر آنتی بادی بر علیه تب برفکی در گاوهای شیرده طی اوایل دوره شیردهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته ای، کرج، ایران

3 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاوزی، واحد ورامین-پیشوا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ورامین، ایران

10.22034/aej.2022.368313.2902

چکیده

این آزمایش به‌‌منظور مطالعه اثرات افزودن دوزهای مختلف عصاره مخمر و مخمر اتولیز شده به جیره گاو شیرده بر مقدار خوراک مصرفی، فرآورده‌های تخمیری شکمبه، فراسنجه‌های خونی-ایمنی، بیان ژن‌ اینترلوکین-6 و تیتر آنتی بادی بر علیه تب برفکی انجام شد.
تعداد 25 رأس گاو شیرده در اوایل دوره شیردهی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به پنج گروه آزمایشی و پنج تکرار تقسیم شدند. جیره های آزمایشی شامل 1) جیره پایه (گروه شاهد)، 2) جیره پایه + 20 گرم در روز عصاره مخمر، 3) جیره پایه + 40 گرم در روز عصاره مخمر، 4) جیره پایه + 20 گرم در روز مخمر اتولیز شده، و 5) جیره پایه + 40 گرم در روز مخمر اتولیز شده بود. از محتویات شکمبه گاو در انتهای دوره آزمایش نمونه‌گیری و فرآورده‌های تخمیری شکمبه اندازه‌گیری شد. در هفته پنجم آزمایش به منظور کنترل بیماری تب برفکی به گاوها واکسن تزریق شد. هفت هفته بعد از شروع آزمایش نمونه‌گیری خون انجام شد و سنجش فراسنجه‌های خونی، مقدار تیتر آنتی بادی بر علیه ویروس تب برفکی و آنالیز بیان ژن اینترلوکین 6 انجام شد. گاوهای دریافت کننده عصاره مخمر و مخمر اتولیز شده در هر دو سطح نسبت به گروه شاهد مصرف روزانه ماده خشک بیش تری داشتند (0/05>P). مخمر اتولیز شده و عصاره مخمر تأثیری بر مقدار تولید شیر روزانه گاوها نداشت (0/05<P). گاوهای دریافت کننده مخمر اتولیز شده نسبت به گروه شاهد مقدار تیتر آنتی بادی بر علیه ویروس تب برفکی بیش تری داشتند (0/05>P)، ولی گاوهای دریافت کننده عصاره مخمر در مقدار تیتر آنتی بادی با گروه شاهد تفاوت معنی‌دار نداشتند (0/05<P). تیمارهای مخمر اتولیز شده بر غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرار شکمبه تاثیری نداشتند (0/05<P)، ولی عصاره مخمر سبب افزایش تولید کل اسیدهای چرب فرار، کاهش مقدار استات و افزایش تولید پروپیونات در شکمبه شد (0/05>P). بیش ترین افزایش بیان نسبی ژن‌ اینترلوکین-6 مربوط به گاوهای دریافت‌کننده مخمر اتولیز شده بود. استفاده از 40 گرم در روز مخمر اتولیز شده می‌تواند سبب بهبود سیستم ایمنی و 40 گرم در روز عصاره مخمر می تواند سبب بهبود شرایط تخمیر و تولید فراسنجه های تخمیری شکمبه گاوهای شیرده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of yeast extract and autolyzed yeast on nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation parameters, IL-6 gene expression and antibody titers against foot-and-mouth disease in early lactating dairy cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sogol Adili 1
  • Ali Asghar Sadeghi 1
  • Mohammad Chamani 1
  • Parvin Shawrang 2
  • Farhad Foroudi 3
1 Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
3 Department of Animal Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was done to evaluate the effects of dietary addition of yeast extract and autolysed yeast on feed intake, ruminal fermentation parameters, IL-6 gene expression and antibody titers in early lactating dairy cows.  Twenty five lactating cows were divided into five experimental groups and five replicates in a completely random design. Experimental diets include basal diet (control group), basal diet + 20 g/d yeast extract, basal diet + 40 g/d yeast extract, basal diet + 20 g/d autolyzed yeast, and basal diet + 40 g/d autolyzed yeast. At the end of the experiment period, ruminal content samples were taken and fermentation products were measured. In the fifth week of the experiment, the cows were injected with a vaccine of foot-and-mouth disease. On weeks 7, blood sampling was taken and chemical components, antibody titer against foot-and-mouth disease virus and interleukin-6 gene expression were analyzed. Cows receiving yeast extract and autolyzed yeast at both levels had more dry matter intake than the control group (P<0.05). Autolyzed yeast and yeast extract had no effect on the daily milk production (P>0.05). Cows receiving autolyzed yeast had higher antibody titer against foot-and mouth-virus than the control group (P<0.05), but cows receiving yeast extract had no significant difference in antibody titer with the control group (P<0.05). Autolyzed yeast had no effect on concentration of volatile fatty acids (P>0.05), but yeast extract increased concentration of volatile fatty acids. Yeast extract decreased the molar percentage of acetate and butyrate and increased the molar percentage of propionate (P<0.05). Autolyzed yeast increased the relative expression of interleukin-6 gene. The highest increase in the relative expression of the interleukin-6 gene was observed in cows receiving autolyzed yeast. Based on the results of this study, autolyzed yeast at 40 g/d can improve the immune system, and yeast extract at 40 g/d can improve fermentation conditions in the rumen of dairy cows.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acetate
  • Autolyzed yeast
  • Dairy cow
  • Interleukin-6
  • Propionate

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 15، شماره 3
آبان 1402
صفحه 27-34

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