بررسی تراکم و شاخص های تنوع زیستی خیارهای دریایی درمنطقه خلیج پزم تیاب (غرب خلیج چابهار)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دریایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

10.22034/AEJ.2021.317617.2698

چکیده

در این مطالعه تراکم و تنوع گونه ای خیار دریایی در خلیج پزم در شمال دریای عمان و در مجاورت خلیج چابهار در سه فصل بهار، پاییز و زمستان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نمونه برداری گونه ها به روش غواصی در مساحت 314 متر مربع در خلیج پزم تیاب در پنج ایستگاه با جنس بسترهای متنوع صورت گرفت. نمونه‌ها بعد از انتقال به آزمایشگاه با کمک کلیدهای شناسایی معتبر شناسایی شدند و گونه‌های H. leucospilota،H. arenicola ، H. atra و S. variegatus شناسایی و گونه‌ H. leucospilota به عنوان گونه غالب منطقه مشخص گردید. شاخص های شانون، مارگالف، سیمپسون و پایلو به منظور مطالعه تنوع گونه ای خیار دریایی استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که بیش ترین میزان تراکم در فصل زمستان 94 با میانگین 0/73±4/64 در 314 متر مربع و کم ترین آن در فصل بهار با میانگین 0/419± 1/8 در 314 متر مربع ثبت گردید. هم چنین شاخص های شانون (0/12±0/97، 0/25±1/16، 0/23±1/16)، مارگالف (0/11±1/46، 0/09±1/69، 0/21±1/61)، سیمپسون (0/04±0/356، 0/07±0/164، 0/01±0/245) و پایلو (0/11±0/752، 0/09±0/837، 0/18 ±0/91) مقادیر متفاوتی را به ترتیب در فصل زمستان، بهار و پاییز نشان داد. بنابر این مشخص گردید که گونه های خیار دریایی در خلیج پزم از غنای گونه ای کمی برخوردارند و درصورتی که اقدامات مناسب حفاظتی و بهره برداری از گونه های مذکور انجام نگردد، ذخایر این گونه های ارزشمند به شدت در معرض آسیب خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of density and biodiversity indices of sea cucumbers in Pozm Bay (west of Chabahar Bay)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Arya 1
  • Tooraj Valinassab 2
  • Seyed Mohammad Reza Fatemi 1
  • Pargol Ghavam Mostafavi 1
1 Department of Marine Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the density and species diversity of sea cucumber in the Pozm bay in the north of the Oman Sea and adjacent to the Chabahar bay of Iran in three seasons of spring, autumn and winter were studied. Sampling was done by diving method in an area of 314 square meters in Pozm bay in five stations with different substrates. The samples were identified after transfer to the laboratory with the help of valid identification keys and the species Holothuria leucospilota, H. arenicola, H. atra and Stichopus variegatus were identified and H. leucospilota was identified as the dominant species in the region. Shannon, Margalf, Simpson and Pilo indices were used to study the species diversity of sea cucumber. The results showed that the highest density was recorded in winter 94 with an average of 4.64 73 0.73 in 314 square meters and the lowest in spring with an average of 0.419. 1.8 in 314 square meters. Also Shannon (0.12 ± 0.97, 0.25 ± 1.16, 0.23 ± 1.16), Margalof (0.11 ± 1.46, 0.09 ± 1.69, 0.21 ± 1.61), Simpson (0.04 ± 0.356, 0.07 ± 0.164, 0.01 ± 0.245) and Pilo ( 0.11 ± 0.112, 0.08 ± 0.837, 0.18 ± 0.91) showed different values in winter, spring and autumn, respectively. Therefore, different species of sea cucumbers in the Pozm bay were identified with species richness and low density that if proper conservation and exploitation measures are not taken, the current stocks of sea cucumber in this ecosystem will be severely reduced.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sea Cucumber
  • Density
  • Species Richness
  • Ecological Index
  • Pozm Bay

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 3
آبان 1401
صفحه 235-242

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