تعیین گونه‌های آناپلاسما و میزان شیوع آن‌ها در گاوها و گوسفندان شمال شرق ایران به روش ملکولی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات بیماری های باکتریایی دام، موسسه تحقیقات واکسن و سرم سازی رازی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات بیماری های انگلی، موسسه تحقیقات واکسن و سرم سازی رازی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

10.22034/AEJ.2021.301970.2624

چکیده

آناپلاسما باکتری درون سلولی و گرم منفی است که سلول های خونی مختلف حیوانات را آلوده می‌کند. معمولا شیوع آناپلاسموزیس در مناطق گرمسیری و نیمه گرمسیری جهان به صورت اندمیک دیده می شود. این مطالعه باهدف تعیین تنوع گونه‌های آناپلاسما در بین گاوها و گوسفندان استان گلستان انجام شد. در مجموع 400 نمونه خون از طریق رگ گردن گاوها (200 رأس) و گوسفندان (200 رأس) به‌ظاهر سالم به‌طور تصادفی از منطقه مورد نظر جمع‌آوری شد. در ابتدا DNA استخراجی از نمونه‌های خونی با جفت آغازگری از ژن 16SrRNA که جنس آناپلاسما را تکثیر می‌کردند، تکثیر شد. در اولین PCR تعداد 16 نمونه از 200 نمونه گاوی و 2 نمونه از 200 نمونه گوسفندی از نظر جنس آناپلاسما مثبت شدند. تنها یک در صد از نمونه‌های گاوی از نظر آناپلاسما فاگوسیتوفیلم مثبت تشخیص داده شد. تعداد 14 نمونه از 200 نمونه گاوی (7%) و 2 نمونه از 200 نمونه گوسفندی(1%) به ترتیب از نظر آناپلاسما مارجیناله و آناپلاسما اوویس مثبت بودند.  آزمون  کای-مربع جهت مقایسه میزان شیوع نسبت به نوع، سطح بهداشت دامداری، حضور کنه روی دام، سم پاشی در فصول تکثیر کنه، فاصله بین دامداری‌ها، تماس با نشخوارکنندگان وحشی، تراکم، سن و جنس انجام شد. نتایج نشان دادکه در گاوها شیوع آناپلاسما با آلودگی با کنه و سن ارتباط معنی‌داری داشت (P<0/05). هم چنین در گوسفندان شیوع آناپلاسما با آلودگی با کنه و استفاده از کنه کش در دامداری ارتباط معنی‌داری داشت (P<0/05). این مطالعه نشان داد که در نشخوارکنندگان استان گلستان حداقل سه گونه مختلف آناپلاسما وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of Anaplasma species and their prevalence in cattle and sheep in northeastern Iran by molecular methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parastoo Poorghafoor Langroodi 1
  • Vahid Noaman 2
1 Department of Animal Bacterial Disease, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of Animal Parasitic Disease, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Anaplasma is an intracellular, gram-negative bacterium infecting different blood cells in animals and anaplasmosis is endemic worldwide in tropical and subtropical areas. This study aimed to determine the variety of Anaplasma species among cattle and sheep of the Golestan province, Iran. A total of 400 blood samples were collected via the jugular vein from healthy cattle (200) and sheep (200), randomly. The extracted DNA from blood cells was amplified by Anaplasma-all primers, which amplify a fragment from the region of the 16S rRNA gene from various members of the genus Anaplasma. Sixteen out of 200 cattle blood samples and two out of 200 sheep blood samples were Anaplasma spp. positive by first PCR. A. phagocytophilum was identified by specific nested PCR in 1% of cattle blood samples, only. Fourteen out of 200 cattle blood samples (7%) and two out of 200 sheep blood samples (1%) were positive for Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma ovis, respectively. Chi-square (χ2) tests were used to compare molecular prevalence values relative to farm Type, hygiene of the farm, tick infestation, use of acaricides by the farmer, distance from other farms, contact with wild animals, farm density, age, and sex. Anaplasma spp. prevalence in cattle was significantly related to tick infestation and age (P<0.05). Anaplasma spp. prevalence in sheep was significantly related to tick infestation and application of ectoparasiticides (P<0.05). This analysis demonstrated that there are at least three different Anaplasma species widespread among ruminants in the Golestan province.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anaplasma species
  • Cattle
  • Sheep
  • Golestan
  • Molecular method

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فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
دوره 14، شماره 2
تیر 1401
صفحه 1-8

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